oldest drinking age

28/02/2021

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It is one of the oldest wine collections in the world. Colloquially known as "shout" in Peru and Australia, and and simply being implied in England, somebody in the group buys the first round of alcoholic drinks for the table. Since 1966, all states and territories of the USA have been "wet", but, This page was last edited on 4 February 2021, at 07:56. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to burden a person's exercise of religion under section 3 of article first of the Constitution of the state in violation of subsection (a) of section 52-571b. Higher Drinking Age Simply Saves Lives . In 2009, the 21- to 24-year-old age group had the highest percentage of drivers in fatal crashes with … Drinking slows reaction times and coordination and interferes with eye movement and information processing. South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. However, the commonly known reason for banning minors from taking alcohol until they attain a certain age is the effect of alcohol as on the brain in adolescents. [citation needed] In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. They were probably sharing a joke along with the drink when captured. Nov 14, 2017 ... the oldest wine-making evidence had come from pottery from … Most Russians believe that the minimum drinking age in the country is 18 years. 6% drove after drinking alcohol. Although 19 might sound like an odd drinking age, it is the same as in many Asian countries – for instance, it is close to the drinking age in Japan.In most countries in the world – aside from the United States, where the legal drinking age is 21 years old – 18 years old tends to be the norm. A base of a Neolithic jar is seen being prepared for sampling for residue analysis A base of a Neolithic jar is seen being prepared for sampling for residue analysis in this handout photo received November 13, 2017. (Portland, Or.) (ProQuest archive). By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). Octavius Hill is present on the right of James Ballantine and Dr. George Bell. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates that raising the drinking age to 21 has reduced traffic fatalities involving 18- to 20-year-old drivers by 13 percent and has saved an estimated twenty thousand lives from 1975 to 2003. By 1987, every governor had complied. Share or comment on this article: Vodka-drinking 129-year-old Georgian woman makes record bid Oenophiles take note: 5980 BC was a very good year for wine. In these countries, it is an offense for anyone to sell, give, or offer alcoholic drinks to people under the age of 16 years. In bars and off-licensed premises the Minimum Drinking Age and Minimum Purchasing Age are 18. Nowadays, it is undrinkable but the collection continues to be an homage to the past. U.S. Department of Transportation final report (DOT HS 809 348) "Determine Why There Are Fewer Young Alcohol-Impaired Drivers," section III.B., Chicago Daily Tribune, August 3, 1961, "Girl, 19, sues for right to have a drink" (ProQuest archive), Chicago Tribune, June 14, 1973, "Beer at 19 Signed by Walker." States like Kerala and Sikkim allow drinking from 18 while in Arunachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, thlegal drinking age is 21—as is the case in Karnataka, West Bengal, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Why 21? It is one of the oldest wine collections in the world. That age is determined by and for each jurisdiction and is most commonly set at 18 years of age, but learner drivers may be permitted on the road at an earlier age … The Minimum Legal Drinking Age (MLDA) is the minimum age at which a person is legally allowed to handle or consume alcoholic drinks. Legal Age Cut to 18, New York Times, June 10, 1972, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (, "Lowered Drinking Age of the 1970's | history 128 blog", "The age-21 minimum legal drinking age: a case study linking past and current debates", "Birmingham Iron Age: § 4205 Code of Alabama", "A Statistical Analysis of the Effects of a Uniform Minimum Drinking Age", "Petersburg Pilot, Petersburg, Alaska: NEW DRINKING AGE", "Does The Minimum Legal Drinking Age Save Lives? Drinking isn't a big deal in a lot of other countries. Federal law explicitly provides for religious, medical, employment and private club possession exceptions; In the 1960s the age for buying or drinking beer and wine in the District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.) was 18; the age for hard liquor was 21. Mississippi in 1966). In 2002, Renato Balduzzi, the then Health Minister proposed to raise the minimum drinking age to 18 years. As in many countries, before you can purchase alcohol or enter certain bars or clubs, you need to be a certain age whether you are a native Korean or foreigner. The oldest dates from 1653, but the wine is no longer drinkable. Except in Islamic countries, most of the world has a much more relaxed attitude toward drinking by young people. Over the course of American history, there have been shifts in societal thought and policy regarding the drinking age. Around the early 1860s, Vernor was working on a medicinal tonic of vanilla and spices, with the addition of … Chicago Daily Defender, January 4, 1972, "Drinking age lowered in Michigan" (ProQuest archive). If you are a student traveler about to embark on a trip, you may be wondering about legal drinking ages in different parts of the world. In many nations, officers generally don’t enforce the law in the absence of ab… Since their brains are still maturing, alcohol may harm their memory and long-term thinking. But that began to change after the voting age was lowered to 18. In many places, the legal drinking age was 18 up until the early 1980s. The Supreme Court of Louisiana ruled the drinking age of 21 violated the Louisiana Constitution. Most of these limits remained constant until the early 1970s. To determine the drinking age of the country on your travel itinerary, browse the list below (or locate a more complete list of legal drinking ages worldwide at International Center for Alcohol Policy).Remember that if you're old enough to fight wars, drive cars and vote, you're old enough to buy alcohol in most countries.Drinking ages in Europe In 2002, Renato Balduzzi, the then Health Minister proposed to raise the minimum drinking age to 18 years. Shortly after the ratification of the 21st amendment in December, most states set their purchase ages at 21 since that was the voting age at the time. Daily Collegian, February 9, 1984, "Lawmakers across nation debate raising legal drinking age." Of the 190 countries, 61% have a drinking age of 18 or 19 years old. Scientists on Monday announced the discovery of the oldest-known evidence for wine-making, detecting telltale chemical signs of the fermented alcoholic … There are a lot of cultural norms that are involved at the type of age set in order to start drinking. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age,[5] while Guam raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010. Major Muslim Empires During The Middle Ages, The 10 Most Populated Countries In Europe. These countries include Barbados, the British Virginia Islands, Cuba, Luxembourg, Panama, Serbia, Serbia, and Zimbabwe. 1 / 2. While the health benefits of drinking a glass of red wine or two have made headlines recently, the studies are mixed and moderation is ultimately key to your health, Sack said. Ninety-six (96) countries/possessions in the world have a minimum drinking age of zero. The United Arab Emirates has the oldest legal voting age in the world. In addition, the purchase age is not necessarily the same as the minimum age for consumption of alcoholic beverages, although they have often been the same. New technologies allow researchers to recover more information about the ancient mixtures, and some peop… The legal drinking age is the minimum age at which a person can legally consume alcoholic … World’s oldest family say eating porridge is the secret to long life ... Key to long life is drinking Diet Coke, says 104-year-old woman 'It just doesn’t seem like I should be that old' Even without alcohol, the risk of crashes goes up starting at age … Oldest Photograph of Drinking. "History of Underage Drinking Laws in Washington State", "Social Host Liability for Underage Drinking", Marianas Visitors Authority-Trip Essentials, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=U.S._history_of_alcohol_minimum_purchase_age_by_state&oldid=1004767505, Alcohol law in the United States by state, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2013, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 21 (no one underage is allowed consumption Section 28-1), 21 (except small amounts for religious ceremonies), Raised to 21 on Jul 31 1987 (with grandfather clause). … However, selling alcoholic drinks to children under the age of 18 years in premises is considered illegal and attracts a fine of €250 to €1,000. For some people, introducing minors to alcohol interferes with their normal expected activities such as studies. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com. Initially 21 immediately after Prohibition, then reduced to 18 four months later. ", "Daily Alta California, Volume 42, Number 14092: SELLING LIQUOR TO MINORS", "Daily Alta California, Volume 42, Number 13780: Selling Liquor to Minors", "Daily Alta California, Volume 37, Number 12646: THE NEXT GRAND JURY", "San Francisco Call, Volume 69, Number 144: NO LIQUOR FOR MINORS", OLR Research Report-Lowering the Drinking Age, 2009, "What happened: regional & state experience. At 8,000-years-old, possibly the oldest writing ever discovered. 7 Even so, underage drinking is still considered a public health concern with far-reaching ramifications and serious, long-term consequences. The alcohol laws of the United States regarding minimum age for purchase have changed over time. The oldest evidence of wine-making was discovered outside of the Georgian capital of Tbilisi. Where the World’s Youngest and Oldest Drink Most Ahead of Oktoberfest, data shows in which countries underage teens and the elderly drink the … In some countries, especially Muslim countries, alcohol is completely banned, with an exception sometimes made for non-Muslims. ", "Texas and North Carolina Raise Drinking Age to 21", "For Some, New Drinking Law Hard To Swallow", "Bills lower drinking age to 19 in Idaho", "Taverns await new customers: age drops to 19", "Idaho drinking: new law will allow some under 21 to keep imbibing", "The new Northwest. Several reasons have been given for the laws and regulations behind the minimum legal drinking age. Notwithstanding the legal voting age, voting is a constitutional right that needs to be exercised by all citizens of a country. Between 1970 and 1976, 30 states lowered their Minimum Legal Drinking Age (MLDA) from 21 to 18, 19, or 20. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. 21 (However, anyone can drink with parents or legal-age spouse), 21 (however anyone can drink when a parent, guardian or spouse is present). On July 17th 1984, the National Drinking Age Act was passed. 21 (However, anyone under 21 may consume cereal malt beverages with parental supervision on their own property), 21 (however minors can drink at home with parental supervision), 21 (however anyone can drink when parents, spouses, teachers are present). [6], For an established religious purpose;When a person under twenty-one years of age is accompanied by a parent, spouse, or legal guardian twenty-one years of age or older;For medical purposes when purchased as an over the counter medication, or when prescribed or administered by a licensed physician, pharmacist, dentist, nurse, hospital, or medical institution;In a private residence, which shall include a residential dwelling and up to twenty contiguous acres, on which the dwelling is located, owned by the same person who owns the dwelling;The sale, handling, transport, or service in dispensing of any alcoholic beverage pursuant to lawful ownership of an establishment or to lawful employment of a person under twenty-one years of age by a duly licensed manufacturer, wholesaler, or retailer of beverage alcohol. Despite the regulations, many minors enjoy alcoholic drinks, especially in the company of their parents and during social events. By Will Dunham. From 1969 to 1976, some 30 states lowered their purchase ages, generally to 18. Nowadays, it is undrinkable but the collection continues to be an homage to the past. The drink was accidentally invented by James Vernor, a Detroit pharmacist, in the 1860s. Those who support lowering the minimum drinking age argue that so far the age has not stopped teen drinking and has instead, increased underage binge drinking which can lead to more health and life threatening issues. Contrary to popular belief, since the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, not all states specifically prohibit minors' and young adults' consumption of alcohol in private settings. I can also give you a little bit of information regarding the UK. When President Ronald "Just Say No" Reagan signed the act, he issued a blanket requirement for all states to raise their drinking age, … However, there are no laws or regulations prohibiting minors from taking alcoholic drinks. Citizens can only vote when they attain the age of 25 or older. There are some countries that have young drinking ages because of what they believe in … The laws on MLDA cover a wide range of issues including when and where alcohol can be consumed and vary from country to country. Drinking age: Oldest evidence of wine-making found near Tbilisi. And of those that have higher legal drinking ages, the average age is 18.6.The enforcement of minimum legal drinking ages also varies widely between countries. Drinking Age: Oldest Evidence of Winemaking Found Near Tbilisi. Alcohol may also cause complications such as liver failure and hormonal imbalance in minors due to the constant changes in their bodies as they mature, especially during puberty. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, … Alcohol-impaired driving. The Neolithic age in Britain lasted from about 6,000 to 4,400 years ago and saw the introduction of farming, including the use of domesticated animals such as cows, sheep, pigs and goats. How old do you have to be to drink in England? Alcohol has almost always been a part of daily life. Image: Sliven District Administration The written signs were inscribed on both faces of the wet ceramic slab with a sharp object and it has been noted that the inscription from Nova Zagora seems to be a form of writing that is “a more superior form of communication" than pictographs according to the archaeologists. The majority of countries have set MLDA at 18 or 19 years. The highest drinking age is 25 in some regions of some countries, including parts of India. By comparison, the oldest wines in private hands are only thought to date back to the very end of the 1800s. Unless otherwise noted, if different alcohol categories have different minimum purchase ages, the age listed below is set at the lowest age given (e.g. This was primarily because the voting age was lowered from 21 to 18 in 1971 with the passing into law of 26th amendment. Reuters. At least eight countries and regions have set their MLDA at 16 years. Giving alcohol to those under 16 years is considered a crime and is punishable by up to one-year imprisonment. India is the exception, where some states have a minimum drinking age as high as 25 and 30 years old. People who drink even a moderate amount can have traffic accidents, possibly resulting in injury or death to themselves and others. Drinking Age In Italy. If you live in the United States, you probably already know that you must be at least 21 years of age or older to purchase or consume alcoholic beverages with very few exceptions in some jurisdictions. In the case of Manuel v.Louisiana (Louisiana Supreme Court, 1996), the court decided that a drinking age of 21 “discriminates on the basis of age” and it wasn’t until the court faced pressure from advocacy groups and the federal government that the court reversed this decision. There are a lot of cultural norms that are involved at the type of age set in order to start drinking. The minimum driving age is the minimum age at which a person may obtain a driver's licence to lawfully drive a motor vehicle on public roads. How old do you have to be to serve alcohol in England? These artifacts suggest humans were making and drinking wine at least 500 years earlier than previously thought. After Prohibition, nearly all states adopted a minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) of 21. Italy has set a minimum legal drinking age at 16 years, one of the lowest MLDA in the world. It is a .edu so it is, presumably, citable. Although the drinking age is 18, it … As of January 1, 2007, 14 states and the District of Columbia ban underage consumption outright, 19 states do not specifically ban underage consumption outright, and 17 states have family member or location exceptions to their underage consumption laws. The legal drinking age in Canada is the minimum age at which a person is allowed to buy and drink alcohol, and right now it is 18 for Alberta, Manitoba, and Québec and 19 for the rest of the country.In Canada, each province and territory determines its own legal drinking age. The Spaniard celebrated his 113th birthday on December 13, making him the oldest man in the world. 3. (b) Except as provided in Section 25667, any person under 21 years of age who purchases any alcoholic beverage, or any person under 21 years of age who consumes any alcoholic beverage in any on-sale premises, is guilty of a misdemeanor.” 11999-11999.3; 25657-25667: 6. Oldest Evidence of Winemaking Discovered at 8,000-Year-Old Village. After Prohibition, the total ban on alcohol, many states established a minimum legal drinking age of 21. 1871-1887, March 15, 1872, Image 4: The Illinois Temperance Law", "State of Iowa Alcoholic Beverages Division, Historical Highlights", http://21debunked.blogspot.com/p/history-lesson.html, "Louisiana Stands Alone on Drinking at 18", "Louisiana Court Upholds Drinking Age of 18", "Senate of Massachusetts Sets 19 as Drinking Age", "Impact of legislation raising the legal drinking age in Massachusetts from 18 to 20", Resources on Minnesota Legislative Issues, Legal Age in Minnesota, 2009, "Montana drops drinking age to 19 for those with permit", Platform plank: Dems want to lower drinking age to 18, "THE REGION - Drinking Age of 21 Gains in Jersey", "New York raising its drinking age to 21 in December", "North Dakota Century Code TITLE 5 ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES CHAPTER 5-01-08", "Daily Kent Stater, Volume LIV, Number 15: 3.2 Beer Floats into Senate", "Daily Kent Stater, Volume III, Number 15: New liquor law unpopular with local bar owners", "Sacramento Daily Union, Volume 85, Number 94: SOUTH CAROLINA'S LIQUOR LAW", "The home journal., April 27, 1881, Image 2: The Minor Liquor Law", "The Brownsville daily herald., April 23, 1909, Image 4", "The Lubbock avalanche., September 26, 1912, Image 9", "Health Care in Vermont Database and Timeline". [1] The more modern history is given in the table below. What was the first legal drinking age in Wash.? Winckler, Suzanne. People who drink even a moderate amount can have traffic accidents, possibly resulting in injury or death to themselves and others. MORE : Woman who lost three brothers to Aids speaks out about ordeal Minimum drinking age … Children over five may consume alcoholic beverages at home with their parent's consent. The 21-year-old drinking age is a denial of the legal age of adulthood, which actually promotes a lack of respect for the law, just as prohibition did in the past. Finally, in 1984, the federal government, backed by Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), ordered all 50 states to raise their legal drinking age to 21 years old or suffer a 10 percent cut in their annual federal highway dollars. According to U.S. News and World Report, when New Zealand lowered its drinking age from 20 to 18, the number of fatalities due to drinking and driving went up dramatically. Throughout much of Europe, the legal drinking and purchasing age ranges between 16 and 18, and often there isn't a drinking age at all; it's not uncommon to see children drinking a … Drinking age: oldest evidence of wine-making found near Tbilisi By Will Dunham WASHINGTON, Nov 13 (Reuters) - Oenophiles take note: 5980 BC was a very good year for wine. The U. S. has the highest national minimum legal drinking age in the entire world. The most famous is the Judas cask, containing Rudesheim wine of the 1727 vintage, by repute the greatest vintage of the 18th century. 7 The United States (except Puerto Rico and Virginia’s Island) and 19 other countries, especially Asian countries, have the highest set MLDA. England has different laws regarding minimum age and drinking alcohol, depending on … In Goa, one can get drunk even if they are 18, whereas, in Punjab and Haryana, one needs to be at least 25 years old. Those who are opposed to lowering the minimum drinking age say that adolescents have not yet reached the age where alcohol can be handled responsible and are more likely to harm or kill themselves or others prio… Italy has set a minimum legal drinking age at 16 years, one of the lowest MLDA in the world. Vernors is the oldest surviving ginger ale brand in the United States and one of the oldest sodas overall. ), as of 2005, 31 states have family member or location exceptions to their underage possession laws, New York Times, December 4, 1972, "State Braces for Lowering Drinking Age to 18 Jan. 1" (NYT online archive). Many states started to lower their minimum drinking age in response, most of this occurring in 1972 or 1973. However, some areas in India have drinking ages as high as 25-30 years. [2][3][4] Twelve states kept their purchase ages at 21 since repeal of Prohibition and never changed them. Raising the drinking age to 21 was a radical social experiment both cross-culturally and historically.Most other countries have a minimum drinking age of 18 and they rarely enforce it vigorously. I have visited a lot of places and talked to people … The Minimum Purchasing Age are for beer and cider is 16 when purchased for consumption with meals (except when in a bar). That is because the federal law is concerned only with purchase and public possession, not private consumption, and contains several exceptions. New York Times, March 10, 1987, "Drinking age is fiery issue in West" (ProQuest archive). Even though the majority of the world's countries have set their legal drinking age at 18 years old, 16 is known to be the youngest legal drinking age anywhere. The German city of Bremen holds a large collection of 17th century wine - the oldest of which comes from 1653. Try the link below. This act raised the drinking age to 21 and from that point is has been rooted in the national fabric since its passage. The enactment of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 prompted states to raise their legal age for purchase or public possession of alcohol to 21 or risk losing millions in … In addition, research also shows that a higher drinking age saves lives. if the purchase age is 18 for beer and 21 for wine or spirits, as was the case in several states, the age in the table will read as "18", not "21"). Alcohol may also influence their behaviors. On the contrary, selling alcohol to persons under the age of 18 years is prohibited by federal and regional laws and may attract fines and even jail terms. It is illegal to give alcohol to children under the age of 5. In India, the legal drinking age varies in different states. 2. While the legal drinking age in the United States is 21, drinking ages in other countries vary and are typically a reflection of the culture and societal values. Even without alcohol, the risk of crashes goes up starting at age … Drinking age: oldest evidence of wine-making found near Tbilisi. And often within countries. Raising the minimum legal drinking age in 1984 effectively decreased teenage drinking; high school seniors in 2012 reported past-month alcohol use close to 20% less often than those in 1985. Many of the oldest recipes are still a secret, however it is known that ancient wines contained a lot of olive oil. Contrary to stereotypes, Stone Age people had a taste for finer things. Although the majority of the countries around the world have set the MLDA at 18 years, 16 years is considered the youngest drinking age. There are at least 8 countries where the minimum drinking age is 16 years old. WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Oenophiles take note: 5980 BC was a very good year for wine. This is because there are fewer alcohol related traffic accidents resulting in death among young people. The average (mean) minimum legal drinking age around the globe is 10.3. From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. Judyta Olszewski/Handout via REUTERS There are some countries that have young drinking ages because of what they believe in … According to MADD, the National Minimum Drinking Age Act (NMDAA) has saved some 17,000 lives on the highways since 1988. In 1984, the National Minimum Drinking Age Act passed, which stated federal highway funds would be withheld from U.S. states that failed to set the minimum legal drinking age … Those ages 16 or 17 may serve alcohol in a restaurant if the license holder or bar manager has approved the sale. Drinking age: oldest evidence of wine-making found near Tbilisi.

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9. The Hirer shall ensure that the delivery site is prepared for receipt of the hired skip, and where so required to do by the Provider, direct the Driver where to deposit or pick up the hire item(s).
a) Failure by the Hirer to ensure that the site of hire is duly prepared and ready to receive, or have removed as part of the agreed service, the hire item(s) will result in a charge being applied for the amount of £100 or the total cost of the Provider’s wasted journey/visit fee, or whichever is the greater.

10. a) Where Skipandwaste.com or the Driver are requested or directed to deposit or pick up hire item(s) on, or from a site, which is off a highway; or where delivery otherwise involves the passage of the vehicle over gratings, drains, roads, pavements, forecourts, yards, asphalt areas or any like areas, Skipandwaste.com shall be under no liability whatsoever to the Hirer for any damage howsoever caused whilst the vehicle is off the highway. To the fullest extent permitted by the law, Skipandwaste.com shall not be held liable for any negligence or tort on the part of the skip provider. Without prejudice to the generality of Condition 7c) the Hirer shall subject as above, hold harmless and keep Skipandwaste.com indemnified against any claim or demand which could not have been made had the Driver not been so requested or directed. The Hirer will, in addition, compensate Skipandwaste.com or the provider for any damage to the vehicle or the hire item(s) which would not have occurred had the Driver not been so requested or directed and which is not due to any negligence on the part of the Driver.
b) If Skipandwaste.com is prevented for any reason beyond its control from delivering or collecting a hire item(s), the Hirer shall remain liable for Skipandwaste.com’s charges together with such additional sums as the Provider shall reasonably so require for the further provision of the Service.
11. The usual time allowed for depositing or picking up hire item(s) is ten minutes. If the vehicle is kept waiting longer than this after arrival the Hirer shall be liable for reasonable demurrage, as described by the Provider in their terms and conditions of usage.

12. The standard time allowed for a ‘Wait & Load’ is fifteen minutes. If the vehicle is kept waiting longer than this initial time, the hirer shall be liable for a waiting charge as described by the Provider in their terms and conditions of usage.

13. The Hirer shall ensure that all permissions required before the hire item(s) can lawfully be deposited on the site including the permission required under the Highways Act 1971 have been, or will be obtained, before they request the Provider, or direct the Driver to deposit the hire item(s) on the site; and that the said permission will be kept in force during the period of hire and where necessary for up to 3 working days thereafter. The hirer will ensure that all hire item(s) sited on the highways will be lighted and coned in accordance with the terms and conditions of the highways act and the issuing local authority’s demands.

14. The Hirer shall not move the hire item(s) from the site without the consent of the Provider and where necessary the highway authority; and in any case will undertake to notify Skipandwaste.com as soon as is reasonably possible.

15. The Hirer shall ensure:

a) That the Hirer signs a single or multiple consignment transfer note declaring the waste type and that the waste is accurately described when completing the transfer note.

b) Where the waste type does not conform to the description, as specified on the waste transfer note, or is different to that as specified at the time the hire item(s) was ordered, then charges will vary accordingly.

c) Where inert waste loads (soil/hardcore/muck) are ordered and they are found to contain other waste types, in particular mixed builder’s waste materials thus contaminating the load, the hirer will be charged accordingly for the hire tipping charges (typically £82.50 per tonne). In particular the hirer must be aware of the considerable differences in landfill tax rates. Currently £2.50/tonne for inert materials and £82.50/tonne for active waste materials.

d) Where appropriate, waste is only stored in suitable containers.

e) That no liquids, explosives, toxic, or dangerous materials including, but not limited to fibrous asbestos, solvents, minerals or greases will be placed in the hire item(s) without the written consent of the supplier; and that the contents of the hire item(s) when loaded conform to the requirements of S.I.1980/1709 or any re-enactment thereof and the local waste regulation authority with regard omits suitability for disposal as general or special waste as a controlled waste disposal site.

f) If any waste to which the said section applies is placed in any hire item(s) the Hirer will immediately give the notices required by the said section and send copies of such notices to both Skipandwaste.com and the Provider.

g) That no bonded asbestos will be placed, save where the Hirer has given to Skipandwaste.com, a minimum of seven days’ notice of their intentions so to do and obtained the written agreement of Skipandwaste.com and agreed to the charges to be made with regard thereto.

h) No cans, bottles or other liquid containers are placed in the hire item(s) unless they are dry, free from liquid, residues and open for inspection.
i) That no fridges, freezers, vehicle tyres, car/commercial vehicle batteries and any other waste types, which following changes in legislation from time to time may become classified as a special difficult, or hazardous waste type.

16. The Hirer shall ensure from the time that the hire item(s) is deposited until it is picked up again by the Provider/Supplier:-

a) It is properly sited in accordance with any relevant permission and that all conditions thereof are observed and performed at all times.

b) It is properly coned where necessary during the hours of daylight and coned and lighted during the hours of darkness.

c) No fires are lit in, and no corrosive acid or noxious substance, liquid cement or concrete placed in the hire item(s).

d) It is filled no higher than the top of its sides and in such a manner as to prevent spillage of material, both whilst the container is stationary, or in transit. Where hire item(s) are located on public or third party property and waste is accumulated for any reason whatsoever in the immediate proximity of the hire item(s), Skipandwaste.com reserves the right to supply a further hire item(s) to contain the surplus material and to transfer the same to the hire item(s) and to debit the Hirer with the reasonable costs of so doing.

e) It suffers no damage except fair wear and tear. All damage by fire, vandalism or other means, the Hirer will reimburse the Provider all costs for either replacement or repair; unless the Hirer has taken out an insurance policy with Skipandwaste.com, or provides their own insurance to cover all loss and/or damage whilst the hire item(s) are under the Hirer’s care.

f) No danger is caused by the hire item(s) or its contents to any third party and in particular, but without limitation thereto, to children.

g) No unauthorised removal of the hire item(s) shall take place by the hirer or a 3rd party contractor without the prior consent of the provider. The hirer will be debited all reasonable costs incurred in returning the hire item(s), or in cases where the hire item(s) is deemed lost or stolen the hirer will reimburse the Provider in full. Please note that many insurance policies will not cover theft of hire item(s).

17. Notwithstanding the terms of condition 15 it shall be the Hirer’s duty to notify the Provider of, and the Provider’s responsibility to ensure compliance with, any condition imposed by a highway authority relating to the marking of the hire item(s) with reflective paint.

18. Except as specifically otherwise agreed in writing the Hirer shall fill the hire item(s) within the period of hire as specified by the Provider and shall inform Skipandwaste.com in good time of its readiness for collection or replacement. The Hirer shall ensure that, from the time when collection of the hire item(s) is due to take place until the same is collected, there is left a clear space at one end of the container to terminate the hiring of the hire item(s) the minimum notice period shall be one clear working day.

19. The Provider may arrange the removal or repositioning of the hire item(s) if required at any time to do so by a highway authority or constable in uniform under Section 140 of the Highway Act 1980. The Hirer shall be responsible for the reasonable additional cost thereof on the part of the Provider or Supplier.

20. It is the responsibility of the hirer’s representative on site to keep the hirer’s copy of the ‘Proof of
Delivery’ ticket. Any copies required at a later date will be subject to a £30 administration charge.

21. Except as specifically otherwise agreed in writing, the Provider agrees to dispose of the contents of the hire item(s) as shall be in accordance with the terms of the contract. The Hirer agrees that they will pay the Provider’s reasonable charges of dealing with any of the contents of any hire item(s) which do not comply with the terms of this contract.

22. Risk and Title: The risk in relation to any hire item(s) supplied pursuant to this Contract shall pass to the Hirer upon delivery, in accordance with the Hirer’s request or direction and shall remain with the Hirer until the hire item(s) are collected by the Provider. Title shall not transfer to the Hirer under any circumstances.

23. Where the Service is provided under a consumer transaction as defined by the Consumer Transaction (Restriction on Statements) order 1976, the statutory rights of the Hirer are not affected by these conditions.

24. It is specifically provided and agreed that any compensation &/or damages payment in respect of any claim or claims arising out of, or in connection with, the terms of this contract for any reason whatsoever and howsoever arising, shall not amount in the aggregate to more than the cost of the provision of the service by the Provider, or that part of the Service giving rise to such claim, and in any event not more than £1000; and Skipandwaste.com and any other person entitled to the benefit of this contract shall have no further liability to the Hirer. Except in respect of death or personal injury caused by the negligence of Skipandwaste.com or any other person entitled to the benefit of this contract, Skipandwaste.com or such party shall not be liable to the Hirer by reason of any representation, or any implied warranty, condition or other term, or any duty at common law, or under the expressed terms of this contract, for any consequential loss or damage (whether for loss of profit or otherwise), costs, expenses or other claims for consequential or incidental compensation whatsoever (and whether caused by the negligence of Skipandwaste.com or any other party entitled to the benefit of this contract, their employees, or agents, or otherwise) which arise out of, or in connection with the supply of the service, except as expressly provided in these conditions.

25. Skipandwaste.com shall not be liable to the Hirer or be deemed to be in breach of the contract by reason of any delay in performing, or any failure to perform, any of the provider’s, supplier’s, or co-ordinator’s obligations in relation to the service, if the delay or failure was due to force majeure.

26. Insolvency of Hirer:

a) This clause applies if:

i) The Hirer makes any voluntary arrangement with its creditors or becomes subject to an administration order or (being an individual or firm) becomes bankrupt or (being a company) goes into liquidation (otherwise than for the purposes of amalgamation or
reconstruction); or ii) an encumbrance takes possession, or a receiver is appointed, or any of the property or assets of the Hirer, or

iii) The Hirer ceases or threatens to cease; to carry on business; or

iv) Skipandwaste.com reasonably apprehends that any of the events mentioned above is about to occur in relation to the Hirer and notifies to the Hirer accordingly.

b) If this clause applies, then without prejudice to any other right or remedy available to Skipandwaste.com, Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to cancel the contract or suspend any further deliveries under the Contract without any liability to the Hirer, and if the Services have been provided but not paid for, the price shall become immediately due and payable, not withstanding any previous agreement or arrangement to the contrary.

27. Refund Policy

27.1 Application for refunds must be sent directly to Skipandwaste.com, in writing, addressed to the Customer Service Manager.

28. Cancellation Policy – Cancellation of Hire. If the hirer chooses to cancel the hire, the following charges will be levied:

More than 4 days’ notice – 10% of total hire charge

1-3 days’ notice – 50% of total hire charge

Less than 24 hours’ notice – 100% of total hire charge

Please note cancellation charges apply on all orders once instruction to deliver has been taken.

Additional Terms & Conditions for Domestic Private Hire

The hirer is responsible for ensuring the position for hire item(s) delivery has a clear access. Blocked access due to abandoned vehicles or materials resulting in failed delivery/collection will incur standing time and or an aborted delivery charge (known generally as a wasted journey fee). The Hirer is responsible for theft or damage to hire item(s) whilst on hire & until hire item(s) is removed by the hire item(s) owner.

Skipandwaste.com cannot accept any liability for any costs incurred through damage to the hirer’s driveway or other property whilst delivering or collecting the hire item(s) off the public highway.

The hire item(s) vehicle is invited off the highways onto private property at the hirer’s own risk, and is a separate arrangement to be confirmed with the Provider. Please note that we draw your attention to the fact that tarmac, block paved, and pattern-imprinted concrete driveways are at most risk.

The Hirer is also responsible for pointing out low lying cables, narrow entrance pillars, manhole covers, and any other potential risks or obstructions to Hire item(s) or the driver, prior to the hire item(s) delivery.
The local authority may require the lighting and coning of all on-road hire item(s) and, unless otherwise advised, it is necessary to obtain the necessary council consent with a road permit. Hirers should note that the fines for failure to light and cone a skip correctly vary according to the regulations set by the permit issuing authority. Hirers are advised to consult https://www.gov.uk/apply-skip-permit prior to completing the request of the hire item(s). Skipandwaste.com can assist in the facilitation of the provision of a valid permit. Please be advised that there will be an administration charge of £15 per permit/paperwork application.

In all cases delivery and collection times are given for guidance only and Skipandwaste.com accepts no liability for any costs incurred due to delays in delivery/collection; or failure to deliver on the preferred delivery date, or at the preferred time due to unforeseen circumstances. In all circumstances invoices exclude exceptional conditions such as force majeure.

In Addition to the above terms

1 INTERPRETATION

1.1 In these conditions the following words have the following meanings:
“Contract” means a contract which incorporates these conditions and made between the Customer and the Supplier for the hire of Hire Goods and/or the sale of Products;
“Customer” means the person, firm, company or other organisation hiring Hire Goods;
“Deposit” means any advance payment required by Skipandwaste.com in relation to the Hire Goods which is to be held as security by Skipandwaste.com;
“Force Majeure” means any event outside a party’s reasonable control including but not limited to acts of God, war, flood, fire, labour disputes, strikes, sub-contractors, lock-outs, riots, civil commotion, malicious damage, explosion, terrorism, governmental actions and any other similar events;
“Hire Goods” means any machine, article, tool, skip, ‘wheelie bin’ and/or device together with any accessories specified in a Contract, which are hired to the Customer;
“Hire Period” means the period commencing when the Customer holds the Hire Goods on hire (including Saturdays, Sundays and Bank Holidays) and ending upon the happening of any of the following events: the physical return of the Hire Goods by the Customer into the Provider’s possession; or the physical repossession or collection of Hire Goods by the Provider;
“Liability” means liability for any and all damages, claims, proceedings, actions, awards, expenses, costs and any other losses and/or liabilities;
“Products” means the products sold to the Customer by Skipandwaste.com; “Rental” means the Provider’s charging rate for the hire of the Hire Goods which is current from time to time during the Hire Period;
“Provider” means the appointed company arranged by Skipandwaste.com to fulfil the terms of the contract and will include its employees, servants, agents and/or duly authorised representatives;
“Services” means the services and/or work (if any) to be performed by Skipandwaste.com for the Customer in conjunction with the hire of Hire Goods including any delivery and/or collection service for the Hire Goods.

2 BASIS OF CONTRACT

2.1 Hire Goods are hired subject to them being available for hire to the Customer at the time required by the Customer. Skipandwaste.com will not be liable for any loss suffered by the Customer as a result of the Hire Goods being unavailable for hire where the Hire Goods are unavailable due to circumstances beyond Skipandwaste.com’s control.
2.2 Where hire of the Hire Goods is to a Customer who is an individual and the hire would be covered by the Consumer Credit Act 1974 the duration of the Hire Period shall not exceed 3 months, after which time the Contract shall be deemed to have automatically terminated.
2.3 Nothing in this Contract shall exclude or limit any statutory rights of the Customer which may not be excluded or limited due to the Customer acting as a consumer. For further information about your statutory rights contact your local authority Trading Standards Department or Citizen’s Advice Bureau.

3 PAYMENT

3.1 The amount of any Deposit, Rental and/or charges for any Services shall be as quoted to the Customer or otherwise as shown in Skipandwaste.com’s online quotation service. Where a Deposit is required for the Hire Goods it must be paid in advance of the Customer hiring the Hire Goods. Skipandwaste.com may also require an initial payment on account of the Rental in advance of the Customer hiring the Hire Goods.
3.2 The Customer shall pay the Rental, charges for any Services, monies for any Products and/or any other sums payable under the contract to Skipandwaste.com at the time and in the manner agreed. Skipandwaste.com’s prices are, unless otherwise stated, exclusive of any applicable VAT for which the Customer shall additionally be liable.
3.3 Payments by the Customer on time under the Contract are an essential condition of the Contract. Payment shall not be deemed to be made until Skipandwaste.com has received either cash or cleared funds in respect of the full amount outstanding.
3.4 Skipandwaste.com reserves the right to withhold payment for any requested hire item, until the appropriate certification and paperwork has been received by Skipandwaste.com. This is usually, but not limited to, Waste Transfer Note, Certification of Waste type and accurate weight thereof.

4 RISK AND TITLE OWNERSHIP AND INSURANCE

4.1 Risk in the Hire Goods and any Products will pass immediately to the Customer when they leave the physical possession or control of the Provider. Title will not transfer to the Customer in any case.
4.2 Risk in the Hire Goods will not pass back to the Provider from the Customer until the Hire Goods are back in the physical possession of the Provider. This shall apply even if the Provider has agreed to cease charging the Rental.
4.3 Ownership of the Hire Goods remains at all times with the Provider. The Customer has no right, title or interest in the Hire Goods except that they are hired to the Customer.
4.4 The Customer must not deal with the ownership or any interest in the Hire Goods. This includes but is not limited to selling, assigning, mortgaging, pledging, charging, securing, hiring, withholding, exerting any right to withhold, disposing of and/or lending.
4.5 The Provider may provide reasonably priced insurance in respect of the Hire Goods at additional cost to the Rental. Alternatively the Provider may require the Customer to insure the Hire Goods on such reasonable terms and for such reasonable risks as the Provider may specify. The proceeds of any such insurance shall be held by the Customer in trust for the Provider and be paid to the Provider on demand. The Customer must not compromise any claim in respect of the Hire Goods and/or any associated insurance without the Provider’s written consent.

5 DELIVERY, COLLECTION AND SERVICES

5.1 It is the responsibility of the Customer to collect the Hire Goods from the Provider and return them to the Provider at the end of the Hire Period. If the Provider agrees to deliver or collect the Hire Goods to and/or from the Customer it will do so at its standard delivery cost and such delivery and/or collection will form part of the Services.
5.2 Where the Provider provides Services the persons performing the Services are servants of the Customer and once the Customer instructs such person they are under the direction and control of the Customer. The Customer shall be solely responsible for any instruction, guidance and/or advice given by the Customer to any such person and for any damage which occurs as a result of such persons following the Customer’s instructions, guidance and/or advice except to the extent that the persons performing the Services are negligent.
5.3 The Customer will allow and/or procure sufficient access to and from the relevant site and procure sufficient unloading space, facilities, equipment and access to power supplies and utilities for the Provider’s employees, subcontractors and/or agents to allow them to carry out the Services. The Customer will ensure that the site where the Services are to be performed is, where necessary, cleared and prepared before the Services are due to commence.
5.4 If any Services are delayed, postponed and/or are cancelled due to the Customer failing to comply with its obligations the Customer will be liable to pay the Provider’s additional standard charges from time to time for such delay, postponement and/or cancellation except where the Customer is acting as a consumer and the delay is due to a Force Majeure event.

6 CARE OF HIRE GOODS

6.1 The Customer shall:-
6.1.1 not remove any labels from and/or interfere with the Hire Goods, their working mechanisms or any other parts of them and take reasonable care of the Hire Goods and only use them for their proper purpose in a safe and correct manner in accordance with any operating and/or safety instructions provided or supplied to the Customer;
6.1.2 Notify the Provider immediately after any breakdown, loss and/or damage to the Hire Goods;
6.1.3 Take adequate and proper measures to protect the Hire Goods from theft, damage and/or other risks;
6.1.4 Notify the Provider of any change of its address and upon the Provider’s request provide details of the location of the Hire Goods;
6.1.5 Permit the Provider at all reasonable times to inspect the Hire Goods including procuring access to any property where the Hire Goods are situated;
6.1.6 keep the Hire Goods at all times in its possession and control and not to remove the Hire Goods from the United Kingdom without the prior written consent of the Provider;
6.1.7 be responsible for the conduct and cost of any testing, examinations and/or checks in relation to the Hire Goods required by any legislation, best practice and/or operating instructions except to the extent that the Provider has agreed to provide them as part of any Services;
6.1.8 Not do, or omit to do, anything which will, or may be deemed to, invalidate any policy of insurance related to the Hire Goods, which is notified to the Customer;
6.1.9 not continue to use Hire Goods where they have been damaged and will notify Skipandwaste.com and the Provider immediately if the Hire Goods are involved in an accident resulting in damage to the Hire Goods, other property and/or injury to any person; and
6.1.10 where the Hire Goods require fuel, oil and/or electricity ensure that the proper type and/or voltage is used and that, where appropriate, the Hire Goods are properly installed by a qualified and competent person.
6.2 The Hire Goods must be returned by the Customer in good working order and condition (fair wear and tear excepted) and in a clean condition together with all insurance policies, licences, registration and other documents relating to the Hire Goods.

7 BREAKDOWN

7.1 The Provider will at its own cost carry out all routine maintenance and repairs to the Hire Goods during the Hire Period and all repairs which are required due to fair wear and tear and/or an inherent fault in the Hire Goods. The Customer will be responsible for the cost of all repairs necessary to Hire Goods during the Hire Period which arise otherwise than as a result of fair wear and tear, an inherent fault and/or the negligence of the Supplier while carrying out routine maintenance and/or repairs.
7.2 The Customer must not repair or attempt to repair the Hire Goods unless authorised to do so in writing by Skipandwaste.com or the Provider.

8 LOSS OR DAMAGE TO THE HIRE GOODS

8.1 If the Hire Goods are returned in damaged, unclean and/or defective state except where due to fair wear and tear and/or an inherent fault in the Hire Goods the Customer shall be liable to pay the Provider for the cost of any repair and/or cleaning required to return the Hire Goods to a condition fit for re-hire and to pay the Rental, in accordance with the provisions of clause 8.3, until such repairs and/or cleaning have been completed.
8.2 The Customer will pay to the Provider the replacement cost of any Hire Goods which are lost, stolen and/or damaged beyond economic repair during the Hire Period less the amount paid to the Provider under any policy of insurance taken out in accordance with these conditions.
8.3 The Customer shall pay the Rental for the Hire Goods up to and including the date it notifies Skipandwaste.com that the Hire Goods have been lost, stolen and/or damaged beyond economic repair. From that date until Skipandwaste.com has replaced such Hire Goods the Customer shall pay, as a genuine pre-estimate of lost rental profit, a sum as liquidated damages being equal to two thirds of the Rental that would have applied for such Hire Goods for that period. Skipandwaste.com shall use its reasonable commercial endeavours to purchase replacements for such Hire Goods as quickly as possible using the monies paid under clause 8.2 above.

9 TERMINATION BY NOTICE

9.1 If the Hire Period has a fixed duration, subject to the provisions of Section 10 neither the Customer nor Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to terminate the Contract before the expiry of that fixed period unless agreed with the other party.
9.2 If the Hire Period does not have a fixed duration either of the Customer or Skipandwaste.com is entitled to terminate the Contract upon giving to the other party any agreed period of notice.
9.3 If no period of notice has been agreed or specified the Customer may terminate the Hire Period by the physical return of the Hire Goods to the Provider and Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to terminate the hire of the Hire Goods by giving not less than 14 days’ notice to the Customer.

10 DEFAULT

10.1 If the Customer:-
10.1.1 Fails to make any payment to Skipandwaste.com when due without just cause;
10.1.2 breaches the terms of the Contract and, where the breach is capable of remedy, has not remedied the breach within 14 days of receiving notice requiring the breach to be remedied;
10.1.3 Persistently breaches the terms of the Contract;
10.1.4 provides incomplete, materially inaccurate or misleading facts and/or information in connection with the Contract;
10.1.5 pledges, charges or creates any form of security over any Hire Goods, or ceases or threatens to cease to carry on business, or proposes to compound with its creditors, applies for an interim moratorium in respect of claims and/or proceedings, any distress, execution or other legal process is levied on any property of the Customer, has a Bankruptcy Petition presented against it or the Customer takes or suffers any similar action in any jurisdiction;
10.1.6 being a company, enters into voluntary or compulsory liquidation, has a receiver, administrator or administrative receiver appointed over all or any of its assets, any attachment order is made against the Customer, any distress, execution or other legal process is levied on any property of the Customer or the Customer takes or suffers any similar action in any jurisdiction;
10.1.7 appears reasonably to Skipandwaste.com due to the Customer’s credit rating to be financially inadequate to meet its obligations under the Contract; and/or
10.1.8 appears reasonably to Skipandwaste.com to be about to suffer any of the above events; then Skipandwaste.com shall have the right, without prejudice to any other remedies, to exercise any or all of the rights set out in clause 10.2 below.

10.2 If any of the events set out in clause 10.1 above occurs in relation to the
Customer then:-
10.2.1 Except where the Customer is acting as a consumer, Skipandwaste.com may enter, without prior notice, any premises of the Customer (or premises of third parties with their consent) where Hire Goods owned by Skipandwaste.com may be and repossess any Hire Goods;
10.2.2 Skipandwaste.com may withhold the performance of any Services and cease any Services in progress under this and/or any other Contract with the Customer;
10.2.3 Skipandwaste.com may immediately cancel, terminate and/or suspend without Liability to the Customer the Contract and/or any other contract with the Customer; and/or
10.2.4 All monies owed by the Customer to Skipandwaste.com shall immediately become due and payable.

10.3 Any repossession of the Hire Goods shall not affect Skipandwaste.com’s right to recover from the Customer any monies due under the Contract and/or any damages in respect of any breach which occurred prior to repossession of the Hire Goods.

10.4 Upon termination of the Contract the Customer shall immediately:
10.4.1 return the Hire Goods to Skipandwaste.com and/or Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider; or make the Hire Goods available for collection by Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider as requested by the Provider; and
10.4.2 Pay to Skipandwaste.com all arrears for Rentals, Charges for any Services, monies for any Products and/or any other sums payable under the Contract.

11 LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY

11.1 All warranties, representations, terms, conditions and duties implied by law relating to fitness, quality and/or adequacy are excluded to the fullest extent permitted by law.
11.2 If Skipandwaste.com is found to be liable in respect of any loss or damage to the Customer’s property the extent of Skipandwaste.com’s Liability will be limited to the retail cost of replacement of the damaged property.
11.3 Any defective Hire Goods must be returned to Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider for inspection if requested by Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider, before Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider will have any Liability for defective Hire Goods.
11.4 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer if, without just cause, any monies due in respect of the Hire Goods and/or the Services has not been paid in full by the due date for payment.
11.5 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability for additional damage, loss, liability, claims, costs or expenses caused, or contributed to, by the Customer’s continued use of defective Hire Goods and/or Services after a defect has become apparent, or suspected, or should reasonably have become apparent to the Customer.
11.6 The Customer shall give Skipandwaste.com a reasonable opportunity to remedy any matter for which Skipandwaste.com is liable, before the Customer incurs any costs and/or expenses in remedying the matter itself. If the Customer does not do so Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer in this regard.
11.7 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer to the extent that the Customer is covered by any policy of insurance arranged as a result of the Contract and the Customer shall ensure that the Customer’s insurers waive any and all rights of subrogation they may have against Skipandwaste.com.
11.8 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer for any:-
11.8.1 Consequential losses (including loss of profits and/or damage to goodwill and/or reputation);
11.8.2 Economic and/or other similar losses;
11.8.3 Special damages and indirect losses; and/or
11.8.4 Business interruption, loss of business, contracts and/or opportunity.

11.9 Skipandwaste.com’s total Liability to the Customer under and/or arising in relation to any Contract shall not exceed 5 times the amount of the Rental and charges for Services (if any) under that Contract or the sum of £1,000 whichever is the higher. To the extent that any Liability of Skipandwaste.com to the Customer would be met by any insurance of Skipandwaste.com, then the Liability of Skipandwaste.com shall be extended to the extent that such Liability is met by such insurance.

11.10 Each of the limitations and/or exclusions in this Contract shall be deemed to be repeated and apply as a separate provision for each of:
11.10.1 Liability for breach of contract;
11.10.2 Liability in tort (including negligence); and
11.10.3 Liability for breach of statutory and/or common law duty; except clause 11.9 above, which shall apply once only in respect of all the said types of Liability.

11.11 Nothing in this Contract shall exclude or limit the Liability of Skipandwaste.com for death or personal injury due to Skipandwaste.com’s negligence, nor exclude or limit any other type of Liability which it is not permitted to exclude or limit as a matter of law.

12 GENERAL

12.1 Upon termination of the Contract the provisions of clauses 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 and Section 6 shall continue in full force and effect.

12.2 Each hire of an item of Hire Goods shall form a distinct Contract which shall be separate to any other Contract relating to other Hire Goods.

12.3 The Customer shall be liable for the acts and/or omissions of its employees, agents, servants and/or subcontractors as though they were its own acts and/or omissions under this Contract.

12.4 The Customer agrees to indemnify and keep indemnified Skipandwaste.com against any and all losses, lost profits, damages, claims, costs (including legal costs on a full indemnity basis), actions and any other losses and/or liabilities suffered by the Supplier and arising from or due to any breach of contract, any tortuous act and/or omission and/or any breach of statutory duty by the Customer.

12.5 No waiver by Skipandwaste.com of any breach of this Contract shall be considered as a waiver of any subsequent breach of the same provision, or any other provision. If any provision is held by any relevant competent authority to be part of the validity of the other provisions of this Contract and the remainder of the affected provision shall be unaffected and shall remain in full force and effect.

12.6 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer for any delay and/or non-performance of a Contract to the extent that such delay is due to any Force Majeure events. If Skipandwaste.com is affected by any such event then time for performance shall be extended for a period equal to the period that such event or events delayed such performance.

12.7 All third party rights are excluded and no third parties shall have any rights to enforce the Contract.

This shall not apply to any finance company with whom Skipandwaste.com has an outstanding finance agreement relating to the Hire Goods. Such finance company shall, subject to Skipandwaste.com’s consent, have the right to enforce this Contract as if they were the Supplier. This Contract is governed by and interpreted in accordance with English law and the parties agree to submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the English courts.

13 ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS

13.1 Skipandwaste.com may insert and present for payment any balance due and unpaid where the Customer has signed a blank or nil value debit or credit card voucher. The Supplier may also process interim payments by credit or debit card at any stage of the Contract.