piranha cleaning steps

28/02/2021

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For a single piranha, you want, at the very least, a 25-gallon tank, but 30+ gallons would be advisable. For example, if only want two animals, a 40 gallon tank should be enough space for them. With 98% removal of bacteria and viruses, Microfiber should be used in every application. If the solution is made rapidly, it will instantly boil, releasing large â¦ Avoid feeding piranhas live animals. 4. Resist Removal. Piranhas are relatively easy to keep alive, but can get to be large and can live for 10-20 years. Let the piranha solution cool for 1 minute. The RCA cleaning process can be carried out in two steps called SC1 and SC2. * The steps outlined below are for piranha cleaning of glass slides necessary for one run of Lesker Thin Film Deposition, during which ~24 glass slides can be sputtered on a 6 inch wafer. Dust the inside of the hose. % of people told us that this article helped them. 6. Attach a thermometer to the aquarium to monitor the temperature. PECVD Silicon Dioxide. A good rule of thumb is 50-75% coverage in the tank to make your piranhas feel comfortable. Remember that the more piranhas you have, the more often you will need to clean the water. Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered. 9. For waste generated during cleaning before the base and acid baths, dispose of in proper waste container. Can the piranha bite you when you clean their tank? http://meethepet.com/red-bellied-piranha-pygocentrus-nattereri/, http://www.firsttankguide.net/piranha.php, https://msu.edu/~torresm2/piranhatank.html, https://msu.edu/~torresm2/piranhabehavior.html, Please consider supporting our work with a contribution to wikiHow. It's best to get at least a 30+ gallon tank for one. Cleaning usually requires about 10 to 40 minutes, after which time the substrates can be Severe body damage such as bites or chunks of missing flesh, Aiming towards gravel and tilting the tail, both of which are signs of aggression to keep someone from entering the piranhas space, Growing paler in appearance, which can be due to the colors not coming out yet or as a sign of stress, Turning on their sides and rubbing the gravel to itch themselves, which can indicate poor water quality, infection, or just needing to scratch, Holding their mouths open and wagging violently from side to side, which is a sign of the piranha being ready to fight, Chomping mouths repeatedly, which is a sign of hunger, Circling the tank repeatedly as a sign of displeasure with something in the tank or controlling the territory, Intensify colors, which are a sign of the piranha being very happy or angry, Turning black, which is a sign that a piranha is ready to breed, Getting side by side and wagging tails, which is a sign that piranhas are breeding or ready to fight, Biting each others’ fins as a warning to desist or be killed. Title: Piranha Cleaning SOP SOP ID #:ESB001 Revision #:1 Date:2017-10-10 Page 4 of 4 Training Documentation Signing this document means that you have read and understand all aspects of â¦ Pre-Diffusion Clean. Piranha or SPM (sulfuric peroxide mix) solutions can clean organic material from wafers and oxidize most metals. include a Piranha etch (organic contaminant removal), followed by a dilute aqueous HF etch (sacrificial oxide removal), then an RCA SC-1 clean (particle removal and re-oxidation of the surface), an RCA SC-2 (metals clean) and, depending on the application, oxide PIRANHAâCLEANINGâââGLASSâSURFACESâ ©Moran(MirabalResearchGroup" 3/3" keep)the)temperature)in)the)appropriate)range. By signing up you are agreeing to receive emails according to our privacy policy. 3 - Piranha solution handling 1. Write a schedule for yourself to clean the water at the same time each week so that you don’t forget. * The steps outlined below are for piranha cleaning of glass slides necessary for one run of Lesker Thin Film Deposition, during which ~24 glass slides can be sputtered on a 6 inch wafer. Be aware that Piranhas may destroy live plants. Avoid giving piranhas dry market feed, flakes or granules. 2.1 Piranha Clean (3:1 96% H 2 SO 4: 30% H 2 O 2): 10-20 min Note: Piranha attacks most plastics violently. The 2% solution may be saved for other cleaning. If the algae eater is provided with plenty of space and hiding areas, then it should be okay, but this is a risky move. Remove the wafer(s)/sample(s) from the piranha solution and soak it in the DIW bath previously filled with DIW. Guppies and minnows can be served live no problem, but for sardines and larger fish, it's best to cut them up with scissors before feeding them to your piranha. We are owner-operated, fully licensed, and insured, and our goal is to provide each customer with service that exceeds their expectations. How many piranhas can I put in a 5 gallon tank? Plasma Clean. The wafers are thoroughly rinsed with deionized water between each step. During the typically thousands of steps necessary to produce integrated circuit devices, for example, it is necessary at the end of a series of such steps to introduce a cleaning sequence. Available in 14" x 10", 14" x 20", and 14" x 28" Since oxide is hydrophilic and pure silicon is hydrophobic, a non-wetting surface is clean of oxides. Piranha is used frequently in microelectronics or semiconductors to clean photoresist from silicon wafers, to clean glassware, or other cleaning purposes. Replacing 10-20% of the water every week and cleaning tank walls and gravel can prevent a compromised immune system and also odor. cleaning results, 9.4.6 Remove the mask from piranha, rinse well with DI water (SRD) to ensure all acid is washed away from the sample. What are the benefits of keeping more than one piranha? Immerse the ceramic boats loaded with glass slides in the piranha solution using metal tweezers designed for ceramic boat use. This article was co-authored by Doug Ludemann. Piranha Recirculation Tank. Atomic Layer Deposition. Great bit of information, "I always loved aggressive fish like bettas or barbs. Cleaning Procedures for Silicon Wafers INRF application note Process name: SOLVENTCLEAN + RCA01 + HFDIP . Use a chemical neutralizer to restore the pH levels if they are off. This page was last modified on 25 January 2018, at 18:03. Keep the slides in piranha solution for 7 minutes. Use a thermometer to make sure the temperature is between 75 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit. For np - Au samples piranha cleaning, let the solution cool for 10 minutes. Hate your job? Find a low-traffic space in which to put the tank. A typical cleaning cycle might . This page has been accessed 15,692 times. The mechanism of piranha works in a few distinct steps. Piranha Brand Products brings you quality Janitorial Supplies and Equipment. My piranhas are actually very well behaved. Fresh and clean water is an absolute must to your piranhaâs health. If there are too many people walking by the tank, it can stress out piranhas and may make them aggressive. Use duct tape to firmly attach the dryer... 3. Buy a tank that corresponds with the number of piranhas you’ll have. The first step is the removal of hydrogen and oxygen as water from the concentrated sulfuric acid. You can safely use granite, basalt, gneiss, slate, and quartz. We use cookies to make wikiHow great. Piranhas are naturally schooling fish, so they would feel more comfortable in a group of 3 or 4, but it would be fine to have a loner. For np - Au samples piranha cleaning, keep each sample in the solution for 20 seconds only. 1 includes a plurality of steps "B" through "G". Some places have laws that make it illegal to keep piranhas, so be careful and check the local laws before purchasing one. Piranhas should eat everything given to them within two minutes or this can contribute to poor water quality and susceptible to disease. If for some reason they are not to be used on the same day, leave the slides in the DI water and dry on the day they are to be used, although it is recommended to use piranha cleaned slides on the same day of cleaning. Smell the water to see if it has a foul odor. You can use live or plastic plants or a combination. With our mobile pressure washer, our water can be portable if needed. Not only can they introduce disease to your piranhas, but can contribute significantly to waste in the tank. This article was co-authored by Doug Ludemann. LPCVD Poly-Silicon. Piranha is a trade name for a chemical mixture consisting of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). There are 29 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. Does it make them happier? Here's what you need to know: If it doesn’t, you may need to replace your filter or filters. PECVD Amorphous Silicon. Straighten out a wire hanger leaving only a slight curve at the end. Make sure to wear acid resistant lab coat, gloves and face shield while doing piranha cleaning. Polish, Clean and Strip more efficiently with Piranha Brand Oscillating Machines. http://www.lpdwiki.com/index.php?title=Piranha_Cleaning&oldid=500. Solution will bubble vigorously after 1-2 minutes, indicating that it is ready for use. Aqua Regia and Piranha waste must be disposed of in separate waste containers and submitted for pick-up immediately. Place as many decorations as you like in the tank, but remember that your piranhas should be able to swim freely without hindrance. Isn't it risky to keep them? A piranha is a member of a family of omnivorous and predatory freshwater fish which live in South American rivers. Put 325 ml DI water in a Pyrex beaker, add 65 ml NH4OH (27%) and then heat to 70 +/- 5 deg C on hotplate. Aspirate used piranha solution and clean all the glassware and working surfaces excessively using DI water. The wafers are prepared by soaking them in deionized water. Doug Ludemann is the owner and operator of Fish Geeks, LLC, an aquarium services company based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Descum. The fabrication of silicon wafers is carried out with repeated etching and cleaning steps to produce the micro-structures required for the final silicon semiconductor products. Most steps are performed as unit processes with the complete wafers before dicing them into If necessary, turn up the heater until you reach the optimal temperature range. This includes acetone, photoresist, isopropyl alcohol, and nylon. Rinse all empty containers 3 times with DI water before disposing. Here's how to get a better one, fast. It is very important to wash the glass slides well after piranha cleaning. 3. Time of Execution: 20 minutes Summary: (1) Add 100 ml of hydrogen peroxide to the 120ºC sulfuric acid bath just before cleaning wafers. Doug Ludemann. However, given procedure can be applied for any samples that need to be piranha cleaned. Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 118,309 times. Make sure the driftwood fits in the tank and gives your piranhas plenty of space to swim freely. X For tips on how to know if your piranhas are sick, read on. ~30% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution (H2O2). The increase in etch and deposition steps, new materials, and new structures used in 2.5D and 3D packaging rely heavily on cleaning processes like photoresist strip and descum to ensure contamination free surfaces. Soak the silicon wafer in the solution for 15 minutes. 5. He received his Bachelor of Science in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior from the University of Minnesota. Piranhas can jump and injure their owners if they’re hungry. wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. Feed your piranhas once a day. Soak any wood or driftwood in a tub or bin until it turns a brownish color. Loading... Unsubscribe from cleanroom MNTL? Consider getting a heater for the water to keep the water a consistent temperature. If the samples are to be used the same day, dry clean them with N2 gas and store in the parafilmed Petri dish. Clean the aquarium more often if you notice excess waste—remember piranhas are messy—or odor. However, given procedure can be applied for any samples that need to be piranha cleaned. âThe required glassware is of the proper size to accommodate all steps of the procedure. Every shelf and decorative nook and cranny of my house is adorned with salvaged animal remains. Doug Ludemann is the owner and operator of Fish Geeks, LLC, an aquarium services company based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Wash the slides under the DI water stream, but be cautious not to break them, because they are very fragile. 2. Fix any problems with the water. Gasonic Asher. Doug has worked in the aquarium and fish-care industry for over 20 years, including having worked as a professional aquarist for the Minnesota Zoo and Shedd Aquarium in Chicago. Last Updated: November 10, 2020 For tips on how to know if your piranhas are sick, read on. X In this case, 100% of readers who voted found the article helpful, earning it our reader-approved status. Start a 3-cycle DIW rinse. But never fear, piranhas are unlikely to attack humans and large animals unless they feel threatened or trapped, or are starving. Piranha stored in a closed container will likely explode. 2. [2] Let us assist you! We've been helping billions of people around the world continue to learn, adapt, grow, and thrive for over a decade. Chemical piranha solution or piranha etch is a mixture of a strong acid or base with peroxide, mainly used to remove organic residue from glass and other surfaces.It's a useful solution, but hazardous to make, use, and dispose of, so if you need to prepare this chemical, read over the precautions and disposal advice before you get started. Chemical Vapor Deposition. Give your piranhas processed, frozen, and freeze dried foods including fish, crabs, prawns, rainworms and shed snakeskin. This article has been viewed 118,309 times. 1. Solvent Cleaning. 9.4.8 Inspect the mask either visually or at the Leitz microscope in R2. Research source Feeding them more often can lead to overfeeding and increases the amount of waste in the tank. What gallon tank would I need for one piranha? Piranhas will not usually eat characins as they are a characin themselves. 27 August 2019. At Piranha Pressure Cleaning, we have been providing our customers with advanced commercial and residential pressure washing services for over a decade. Then, remove any food that’s left in the tank after a few minutes so that it doesn’t pollute the water. Use a water changing device, or python, from a local pet store for best results. Many piranhas like the dark color of the water, but it may be difficult to see your fish. From proper pipe handling to rubber gasket manhole installation, we can successfully handle it all thanks to our vast production and technical experience. Every dollar contributed enables us to keep providing high-quality how-to help to people like you. As a rule of thumb, you want about 20 gallons of water per animal or 60 gallons for 4 piranhas. Choose decorations that you like. Piranha can be dangerous, so handle them with care and don't allow small children to handle the fish. Cleaning - Surface Issues Contaminant â¢ Organics â Skin oils â Resist â Polymers ... â¢ âPiranhaâ is a heated, boiling mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid (H 2SO 4) and ~ 30% hydrogen ... prevent cross-contamination at critical steps. It is typically mixed in concentration ratios of around 4:1 H2SO4:H2O2. When finding a habitat for piranhas, bigger is always better. Cleaning . It depends. Adding any acids or bases to piranha or spraying it with water will accelerate the reaction. 9.4.9 If â¦ If you are new to having a piranha, ask your local pet store or fish expert about best handling practices. Test to figure out potential problems like low oxygen, high ammonia, and acidity. [1] Avoid limestone, marble, dolomite, calcareous sandstones, chalky rocks as well as corals and sea shells. Piranha solution cleans by dissolving organic contaminants, and a large amount of contaminant will cause violent bubbling and a release of gas that can cause an explosion. Pre-Diffusion Clean: Germanium. By properly setting up a tank and tending to the fish, you can care for and enjoy piranhas as pets. Those who have followed me long enough know that I have a peculiar hobby. Dispose it in the wet bench drain made for this purpose following the General Wet Processing. If you absolutely have to remove your piranha from the water, place a bucket or large fish net in the tank and quickly place your piranha in a separate tank. Oxygen saturation should exceed 70%. wikiHow marks an article as reader-approved once it receives enough positive feedback. If they get to know you, you should be fine. You shouldn’t put the tank anywhere it may get direct sunlight or be exposed to radiators or heating devices. Piranha Etching and RCA Cleaning In the case of stronger impurities with organic or metallic substances as well as before high-temperature processes, a Piranha etching with subsequent RCA cleaning is recommended for silicon wafers, which runs in the following order: â¢ In Piranha solution (H 2 O 2: H 2 SO 4 = 1 : 2) SiO 2 grows on (in) the Si This article has been viewed 118,309 times. But with the arrival of COVID-19, the stakes are higher than ever. If you are careful and fast, the little creature will not bite you. The pH level can range from 5.5-8.0. ... Microfiber is the fabric of the cleaning industry. Piranha solution is a strong oxidizing agent, it removes most organic matter. MNTL Piranha cleaning cleanroom MNTL. You also want to ensure that pets or small children don’t fall in the tank. Piranha solution should always be prepared by adding hydrogen peroxide to sulfuric acid slowly, never in reverse. Piranha Pipe and Precast in Chowchilla, CA produces high quality concrete products. From Paper Products and Trash Bags to Burnishers, Floor Machines, and more. Oxygen given off during the self-decomposition, as well as the oxidation products of organic compounds can cause the container to rupture. Put the tank in a place with a relatively consistent temperature of 75 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit (21 to 25 Celsius). 2. More fish means a bigger tank and more food. We support a variety of commercial businesses in Boca Raton, Florida, including storefronts, shopping Plazas and gas stations. Standard Recipe Collection. PECVD Silicon Carbide. Can I put in live food for the piranhas to hunt for themselves? if you have a 20 to 25 gallon, only get one. With our Piranha Oscillator Lite for small jobs and our Piranha Ultra Edge for heavy duty work, you can tackle any job big or small with confidence. Mixing hot piranha with organic compounds may cause an explosion. Good live foods are guppies and minnows. 2. Expert Interview. This website gave me a lot of useful info on how to take care. Decorate the tank with live and plastic plants as well as smooth gravel, and pieces of wood. Mixing the solution is extremely exothermic. Because these fish often spend their time looking for prey, many people associate piranhas with sharp teeth and an aggressive appetite for meat. In recent years, with more and more bone jewelers popping up on Etsy and the success of the show Oddities, bone collecting has become an increasingly popular art form. Also, test the tank water after each cleaning to make sure the pH and oxygenation levels are safe and healthy for your piranhas. Blow dry with nitrogen and store in a clean, dry environment. 9.4.7 Use the N2 gun at the station to dry up the mask. Solvent Clean. Transfer the boats to a glass container with DI water. Load two ceramic boats with glass slides (22 mm X 22 mm), ~12 glass slides per boat. Wrap a broom or mop handle in dryer sheets. The only exception is vegetables, which can be left for a few hours. Do piranhas eat small fish, like guppies? You can use Piranha to clean the gold substrate. Consider getting an optional tank screen for the top. Whenever mixing Piranha, use only Pyrex (borosilicate) glass containers. Research source If the area you live in is warm most of the year, a heater might not be needed. To care for piranhas, feed them once a day with a varied diet of freeze-dried fish, rainworms, and green vegetables to keep them healthy. Weekly maintenance shouldnât take more than 10 minutes. By using our site, you agree to our. Yes it will. non-MOS processing, and their required cleaning steps. Keep it there for at least 1 minute. Remove from hotplate and add 65 ml H2O2 (30%). Ozone Stripper. However, please make sure that the mixture ratio between H2SO4 and H2O2 is 4:1 (%Vol). 2.1.1 Get a water rinse beaker which will fit your samples (A 1000 mL beaker works

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f) If any waste to which the said section applies is placed in any hire item(s) the Hirer will immediately give the notices required by the said section and send copies of such notices to both Skipandwaste.com and the Provider.

g) That no bonded asbestos will be placed, save where the Hirer has given to Skipandwaste.com, a minimum of seven days’ notice of their intentions so to do and obtained the written agreement of Skipandwaste.com and agreed to the charges to be made with regard thereto.

h) No cans, bottles or other liquid containers are placed in the hire item(s) unless they are dry, free from liquid, residues and open for inspection.
i) That no fridges, freezers, vehicle tyres, car/commercial vehicle batteries and any other waste types, which following changes in legislation from time to time may become classified as a special difficult, or hazardous waste type.

16. The Hirer shall ensure from the time that the hire item(s) is deposited until it is picked up again by the Provider/Supplier:-

a) It is properly sited in accordance with any relevant permission and that all conditions thereof are observed and performed at all times.

b) It is properly coned where necessary during the hours of daylight and coned and lighted during the hours of darkness.

c) No fires are lit in, and no corrosive acid or noxious substance, liquid cement or concrete placed in the hire item(s).

d) It is filled no higher than the top of its sides and in such a manner as to prevent spillage of material, both whilst the container is stationary, or in transit. Where hire item(s) are located on public or third party property and waste is accumulated for any reason whatsoever in the immediate proximity of the hire item(s), Skipandwaste.com reserves the right to supply a further hire item(s) to contain the surplus material and to transfer the same to the hire item(s) and to debit the Hirer with the reasonable costs of so doing.

e) It suffers no damage except fair wear and tear. All damage by fire, vandalism or other means, the Hirer will reimburse the Provider all costs for either replacement or repair; unless the Hirer has taken out an insurance policy with Skipandwaste.com, or provides their own insurance to cover all loss and/or damage whilst the hire item(s) are under the Hirer’s care.

f) No danger is caused by the hire item(s) or its contents to any third party and in particular, but without limitation thereto, to children.

g) No unauthorised removal of the hire item(s) shall take place by the hirer or a 3rd party contractor without the prior consent of the provider. The hirer will be debited all reasonable costs incurred in returning the hire item(s), or in cases where the hire item(s) is deemed lost or stolen the hirer will reimburse the Provider in full. Please note that many insurance policies will not cover theft of hire item(s).

17. Notwithstanding the terms of condition 15 it shall be the Hirer’s duty to notify the Provider of, and the Provider’s responsibility to ensure compliance with, any condition imposed by a highway authority relating to the marking of the hire item(s) with reflective paint.

18. Except as specifically otherwise agreed in writing the Hirer shall fill the hire item(s) within the period of hire as specified by the Provider and shall inform Skipandwaste.com in good time of its readiness for collection or replacement. The Hirer shall ensure that, from the time when collection of the hire item(s) is due to take place until the same is collected, there is left a clear space at one end of the container to terminate the hiring of the hire item(s) the minimum notice period shall be one clear working day.

19. The Provider may arrange the removal or repositioning of the hire item(s) if required at any time to do so by a highway authority or constable in uniform under Section 140 of the Highway Act 1980. The Hirer shall be responsible for the reasonable additional cost thereof on the part of the Provider or Supplier.

20. It is the responsibility of the hirer’s representative on site to keep the hirer’s copy of the ‘Proof of
Delivery’ ticket. Any copies required at a later date will be subject to a £30 administration charge.

21. Except as specifically otherwise agreed in writing, the Provider agrees to dispose of the contents of the hire item(s) as shall be in accordance with the terms of the contract. The Hirer agrees that they will pay the Provider’s reasonable charges of dealing with any of the contents of any hire item(s) which do not comply with the terms of this contract.

22. Risk and Title: The risk in relation to any hire item(s) supplied pursuant to this Contract shall pass to the Hirer upon delivery, in accordance with the Hirer’s request or direction and shall remain with the Hirer until the hire item(s) are collected by the Provider. Title shall not transfer to the Hirer under any circumstances.

23. Where the Service is provided under a consumer transaction as defined by the Consumer Transaction (Restriction on Statements) order 1976, the statutory rights of the Hirer are not affected by these conditions.

24. It is specifically provided and agreed that any compensation &/or damages payment in respect of any claim or claims arising out of, or in connection with, the terms of this contract for any reason whatsoever and howsoever arising, shall not amount in the aggregate to more than the cost of the provision of the service by the Provider, or that part of the Service giving rise to such claim, and in any event not more than £1000; and Skipandwaste.com and any other person entitled to the benefit of this contract shall have no further liability to the Hirer. Except in respect of death or personal injury caused by the negligence of Skipandwaste.com or any other person entitled to the benefit of this contract, Skipandwaste.com or such party shall not be liable to the Hirer by reason of any representation, or any implied warranty, condition or other term, or any duty at common law, or under the expressed terms of this contract, for any consequential loss or damage (whether for loss of profit or otherwise), costs, expenses or other claims for consequential or incidental compensation whatsoever (and whether caused by the negligence of Skipandwaste.com or any other party entitled to the benefit of this contract, their employees, or agents, or otherwise) which arise out of, or in connection with the supply of the service, except as expressly provided in these conditions.

25. Skipandwaste.com shall not be liable to the Hirer or be deemed to be in breach of the contract by reason of any delay in performing, or any failure to perform, any of the provider’s, supplier’s, or co-ordinator’s obligations in relation to the service, if the delay or failure was due to force majeure.

26. Insolvency of Hirer:

a) This clause applies if:

i) The Hirer makes any voluntary arrangement with its creditors or becomes subject to an administration order or (being an individual or firm) becomes bankrupt or (being a company) goes into liquidation (otherwise than for the purposes of amalgamation or
reconstruction); or ii) an encumbrance takes possession, or a receiver is appointed, or any of the property or assets of the Hirer, or

iii) The Hirer ceases or threatens to cease; to carry on business; or

iv) Skipandwaste.com reasonably apprehends that any of the events mentioned above is about to occur in relation to the Hirer and notifies to the Hirer accordingly.

b) If this clause applies, then without prejudice to any other right or remedy available to Skipandwaste.com, Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to cancel the contract or suspend any further deliveries under the Contract without any liability to the Hirer, and if the Services have been provided but not paid for, the price shall become immediately due and payable, not withstanding any previous agreement or arrangement to the contrary.

27. Refund Policy

27.1 Application for refunds must be sent directly to Skipandwaste.com, in writing, addressed to the Customer Service Manager.

28. Cancellation Policy – Cancellation of Hire. If the hirer chooses to cancel the hire, the following charges will be levied:

More than 4 days’ notice – 10% of total hire charge

1-3 days’ notice – 50% of total hire charge

Less than 24 hours’ notice – 100% of total hire charge

Please note cancellation charges apply on all orders once instruction to deliver has been taken.

Additional Terms & Conditions for Domestic Private Hire

The hirer is responsible for ensuring the position for hire item(s) delivery has a clear access. Blocked access due to abandoned vehicles or materials resulting in failed delivery/collection will incur standing time and or an aborted delivery charge (known generally as a wasted journey fee). The Hirer is responsible for theft or damage to hire item(s) whilst on hire & until hire item(s) is removed by the hire item(s) owner.

Skipandwaste.com cannot accept any liability for any costs incurred through damage to the hirer’s driveway or other property whilst delivering or collecting the hire item(s) off the public highway.

The hire item(s) vehicle is invited off the highways onto private property at the hirer’s own risk, and is a separate arrangement to be confirmed with the Provider. Please note that we draw your attention to the fact that tarmac, block paved, and pattern-imprinted concrete driveways are at most risk.

The Hirer is also responsible for pointing out low lying cables, narrow entrance pillars, manhole covers, and any other potential risks or obstructions to Hire item(s) or the driver, prior to the hire item(s) delivery.
The local authority may require the lighting and coning of all on-road hire item(s) and, unless otherwise advised, it is necessary to obtain the necessary council consent with a road permit. Hirers should note that the fines for failure to light and cone a skip correctly vary according to the regulations set by the permit issuing authority. Hirers are advised to consult https://www.gov.uk/apply-skip-permit prior to completing the request of the hire item(s). Skipandwaste.com can assist in the facilitation of the provision of a valid permit. Please be advised that there will be an administration charge of £15 per permit/paperwork application.

In all cases delivery and collection times are given for guidance only and Skipandwaste.com accepts no liability for any costs incurred due to delays in delivery/collection; or failure to deliver on the preferred delivery date, or at the preferred time due to unforeseen circumstances. In all circumstances invoices exclude exceptional conditions such as force majeure.

In Addition to the above terms

1 INTERPRETATION

1.1 In these conditions the following words have the following meanings:
“Contract” means a contract which incorporates these conditions and made between the Customer and the Supplier for the hire of Hire Goods and/or the sale of Products;
“Customer” means the person, firm, company or other organisation hiring Hire Goods;
“Deposit” means any advance payment required by Skipandwaste.com in relation to the Hire Goods which is to be held as security by Skipandwaste.com;
“Force Majeure” means any event outside a party’s reasonable control including but not limited to acts of God, war, flood, fire, labour disputes, strikes, sub-contractors, lock-outs, riots, civil commotion, malicious damage, explosion, terrorism, governmental actions and any other similar events;
“Hire Goods” means any machine, article, tool, skip, ‘wheelie bin’ and/or device together with any accessories specified in a Contract, which are hired to the Customer;
“Hire Period” means the period commencing when the Customer holds the Hire Goods on hire (including Saturdays, Sundays and Bank Holidays) and ending upon the happening of any of the following events: the physical return of the Hire Goods by the Customer into the Provider’s possession; or the physical repossession or collection of Hire Goods by the Provider;
“Liability” means liability for any and all damages, claims, proceedings, actions, awards, expenses, costs and any other losses and/or liabilities;
“Products” means the products sold to the Customer by Skipandwaste.com; “Rental” means the Provider’s charging rate for the hire of the Hire Goods which is current from time to time during the Hire Period;
“Provider” means the appointed company arranged by Skipandwaste.com to fulfil the terms of the contract and will include its employees, servants, agents and/or duly authorised representatives;
“Services” means the services and/or work (if any) to be performed by Skipandwaste.com for the Customer in conjunction with the hire of Hire Goods including any delivery and/or collection service for the Hire Goods.

2 BASIS OF CONTRACT

2.1 Hire Goods are hired subject to them being available for hire to the Customer at the time required by the Customer. Skipandwaste.com will not be liable for any loss suffered by the Customer as a result of the Hire Goods being unavailable for hire where the Hire Goods are unavailable due to circumstances beyond Skipandwaste.com’s control.
2.2 Where hire of the Hire Goods is to a Customer who is an individual and the hire would be covered by the Consumer Credit Act 1974 the duration of the Hire Period shall not exceed 3 months, after which time the Contract shall be deemed to have automatically terminated.
2.3 Nothing in this Contract shall exclude or limit any statutory rights of the Customer which may not be excluded or limited due to the Customer acting as a consumer. For further information about your statutory rights contact your local authority Trading Standards Department or Citizen’s Advice Bureau.

3 PAYMENT

3.1 The amount of any Deposit, Rental and/or charges for any Services shall be as quoted to the Customer or otherwise as shown in Skipandwaste.com’s online quotation service. Where a Deposit is required for the Hire Goods it must be paid in advance of the Customer hiring the Hire Goods. Skipandwaste.com may also require an initial payment on account of the Rental in advance of the Customer hiring the Hire Goods.
3.2 The Customer shall pay the Rental, charges for any Services, monies for any Products and/or any other sums payable under the contract to Skipandwaste.com at the time and in the manner agreed. Skipandwaste.com’s prices are, unless otherwise stated, exclusive of any applicable VAT for which the Customer shall additionally be liable.
3.3 Payments by the Customer on time under the Contract are an essential condition of the Contract. Payment shall not be deemed to be made until Skipandwaste.com has received either cash or cleared funds in respect of the full amount outstanding.
3.4 Skipandwaste.com reserves the right to withhold payment for any requested hire item, until the appropriate certification and paperwork has been received by Skipandwaste.com. This is usually, but not limited to, Waste Transfer Note, Certification of Waste type and accurate weight thereof.

4 RISK AND TITLE OWNERSHIP AND INSURANCE

4.1 Risk in the Hire Goods and any Products will pass immediately to the Customer when they leave the physical possession or control of the Provider. Title will not transfer to the Customer in any case.
4.2 Risk in the Hire Goods will not pass back to the Provider from the Customer until the Hire Goods are back in the physical possession of the Provider. This shall apply even if the Provider has agreed to cease charging the Rental.
4.3 Ownership of the Hire Goods remains at all times with the Provider. The Customer has no right, title or interest in the Hire Goods except that they are hired to the Customer.
4.4 The Customer must not deal with the ownership or any interest in the Hire Goods. This includes but is not limited to selling, assigning, mortgaging, pledging, charging, securing, hiring, withholding, exerting any right to withhold, disposing of and/or lending.
4.5 The Provider may provide reasonably priced insurance in respect of the Hire Goods at additional cost to the Rental. Alternatively the Provider may require the Customer to insure the Hire Goods on such reasonable terms and for such reasonable risks as the Provider may specify. The proceeds of any such insurance shall be held by the Customer in trust for the Provider and be paid to the Provider on demand. The Customer must not compromise any claim in respect of the Hire Goods and/or any associated insurance without the Provider’s written consent.

5 DELIVERY, COLLECTION AND SERVICES

5.1 It is the responsibility of the Customer to collect the Hire Goods from the Provider and return them to the Provider at the end of the Hire Period. If the Provider agrees to deliver or collect the Hire Goods to and/or from the Customer it will do so at its standard delivery cost and such delivery and/or collection will form part of the Services.
5.2 Where the Provider provides Services the persons performing the Services are servants of the Customer and once the Customer instructs such person they are under the direction and control of the Customer. The Customer shall be solely responsible for any instruction, guidance and/or advice given by the Customer to any such person and for any damage which occurs as a result of such persons following the Customer’s instructions, guidance and/or advice except to the extent that the persons performing the Services are negligent.
5.3 The Customer will allow and/or procure sufficient access to and from the relevant site and procure sufficient unloading space, facilities, equipment and access to power supplies and utilities for the Provider’s employees, subcontractors and/or agents to allow them to carry out the Services. The Customer will ensure that the site where the Services are to be performed is, where necessary, cleared and prepared before the Services are due to commence.
5.4 If any Services are delayed, postponed and/or are cancelled due to the Customer failing to comply with its obligations the Customer will be liable to pay the Provider’s additional standard charges from time to time for such delay, postponement and/or cancellation except where the Customer is acting as a consumer and the delay is due to a Force Majeure event.

6 CARE OF HIRE GOODS

6.1 The Customer shall:-
6.1.1 not remove any labels from and/or interfere with the Hire Goods, their working mechanisms or any other parts of them and take reasonable care of the Hire Goods and only use them for their proper purpose in a safe and correct manner in accordance with any operating and/or safety instructions provided or supplied to the Customer;
6.1.2 Notify the Provider immediately after any breakdown, loss and/or damage to the Hire Goods;
6.1.3 Take adequate and proper measures to protect the Hire Goods from theft, damage and/or other risks;
6.1.4 Notify the Provider of any change of its address and upon the Provider’s request provide details of the location of the Hire Goods;
6.1.5 Permit the Provider at all reasonable times to inspect the Hire Goods including procuring access to any property where the Hire Goods are situated;
6.1.6 keep the Hire Goods at all times in its possession and control and not to remove the Hire Goods from the United Kingdom without the prior written consent of the Provider;
6.1.7 be responsible for the conduct and cost of any testing, examinations and/or checks in relation to the Hire Goods required by any legislation, best practice and/or operating instructions except to the extent that the Provider has agreed to provide them as part of any Services;
6.1.8 Not do, or omit to do, anything which will, or may be deemed to, invalidate any policy of insurance related to the Hire Goods, which is notified to the Customer;
6.1.9 not continue to use Hire Goods where they have been damaged and will notify Skipandwaste.com and the Provider immediately if the Hire Goods are involved in an accident resulting in damage to the Hire Goods, other property and/or injury to any person; and
6.1.10 where the Hire Goods require fuel, oil and/or electricity ensure that the proper type and/or voltage is used and that, where appropriate, the Hire Goods are properly installed by a qualified and competent person.
6.2 The Hire Goods must be returned by the Customer in good working order and condition (fair wear and tear excepted) and in a clean condition together with all insurance policies, licences, registration and other documents relating to the Hire Goods.

7 BREAKDOWN

7.1 The Provider will at its own cost carry out all routine maintenance and repairs to the Hire Goods during the Hire Period and all repairs which are required due to fair wear and tear and/or an inherent fault in the Hire Goods. The Customer will be responsible for the cost of all repairs necessary to Hire Goods during the Hire Period which arise otherwise than as a result of fair wear and tear, an inherent fault and/or the negligence of the Supplier while carrying out routine maintenance and/or repairs.
7.2 The Customer must not repair or attempt to repair the Hire Goods unless authorised to do so in writing by Skipandwaste.com or the Provider.

8 LOSS OR DAMAGE TO THE HIRE GOODS

8.1 If the Hire Goods are returned in damaged, unclean and/or defective state except where due to fair wear and tear and/or an inherent fault in the Hire Goods the Customer shall be liable to pay the Provider for the cost of any repair and/or cleaning required to return the Hire Goods to a condition fit for re-hire and to pay the Rental, in accordance with the provisions of clause 8.3, until such repairs and/or cleaning have been completed.
8.2 The Customer will pay to the Provider the replacement cost of any Hire Goods which are lost, stolen and/or damaged beyond economic repair during the Hire Period less the amount paid to the Provider under any policy of insurance taken out in accordance with these conditions.
8.3 The Customer shall pay the Rental for the Hire Goods up to and including the date it notifies Skipandwaste.com that the Hire Goods have been lost, stolen and/or damaged beyond economic repair. From that date until Skipandwaste.com has replaced such Hire Goods the Customer shall pay, as a genuine pre-estimate of lost rental profit, a sum as liquidated damages being equal to two thirds of the Rental that would have applied for such Hire Goods for that period. Skipandwaste.com shall use its reasonable commercial endeavours to purchase replacements for such Hire Goods as quickly as possible using the monies paid under clause 8.2 above.

9 TERMINATION BY NOTICE

9.1 If the Hire Period has a fixed duration, subject to the provisions of Section 10 neither the Customer nor Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to terminate the Contract before the expiry of that fixed period unless agreed with the other party.
9.2 If the Hire Period does not have a fixed duration either of the Customer or Skipandwaste.com is entitled to terminate the Contract upon giving to the other party any agreed period of notice.
9.3 If no period of notice has been agreed or specified the Customer may terminate the Hire Period by the physical return of the Hire Goods to the Provider and Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to terminate the hire of the Hire Goods by giving not less than 14 days’ notice to the Customer.

10 DEFAULT

10.1 If the Customer:-
10.1.1 Fails to make any payment to Skipandwaste.com when due without just cause;
10.1.2 breaches the terms of the Contract and, where the breach is capable of remedy, has not remedied the breach within 14 days of receiving notice requiring the breach to be remedied;
10.1.3 Persistently breaches the terms of the Contract;
10.1.4 provides incomplete, materially inaccurate or misleading facts and/or information in connection with the Contract;
10.1.5 pledges, charges or creates any form of security over any Hire Goods, or ceases or threatens to cease to carry on business, or proposes to compound with its creditors, applies for an interim moratorium in respect of claims and/or proceedings, any distress, execution or other legal process is levied on any property of the Customer, has a Bankruptcy Petition presented against it or the Customer takes or suffers any similar action in any jurisdiction;
10.1.6 being a company, enters into voluntary or compulsory liquidation, has a receiver, administrator or administrative receiver appointed over all or any of its assets, any attachment order is made against the Customer, any distress, execution or other legal process is levied on any property of the Customer or the Customer takes or suffers any similar action in any jurisdiction;
10.1.7 appears reasonably to Skipandwaste.com due to the Customer’s credit rating to be financially inadequate to meet its obligations under the Contract; and/or
10.1.8 appears reasonably to Skipandwaste.com to be about to suffer any of the above events; then Skipandwaste.com shall have the right, without prejudice to any other remedies, to exercise any or all of the rights set out in clause 10.2 below.

10.2 If any of the events set out in clause 10.1 above occurs in relation to the
Customer then:-
10.2.1 Except where the Customer is acting as a consumer, Skipandwaste.com may enter, without prior notice, any premises of the Customer (or premises of third parties with their consent) where Hire Goods owned by Skipandwaste.com may be and repossess any Hire Goods;
10.2.2 Skipandwaste.com may withhold the performance of any Services and cease any Services in progress under this and/or any other Contract with the Customer;
10.2.3 Skipandwaste.com may immediately cancel, terminate and/or suspend without Liability to the Customer the Contract and/or any other contract with the Customer; and/or
10.2.4 All monies owed by the Customer to Skipandwaste.com shall immediately become due and payable.

10.3 Any repossession of the Hire Goods shall not affect Skipandwaste.com’s right to recover from the Customer any monies due under the Contract and/or any damages in respect of any breach which occurred prior to repossession of the Hire Goods.

10.4 Upon termination of the Contract the Customer shall immediately:
10.4.1 return the Hire Goods to Skipandwaste.com and/or Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider; or make the Hire Goods available for collection by Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider as requested by the Provider; and
10.4.2 Pay to Skipandwaste.com all arrears for Rentals, Charges for any Services, monies for any Products and/or any other sums payable under the Contract.

11 LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY

11.1 All warranties, representations, terms, conditions and duties implied by law relating to fitness, quality and/or adequacy are excluded to the fullest extent permitted by law.
11.2 If Skipandwaste.com is found to be liable in respect of any loss or damage to the Customer’s property the extent of Skipandwaste.com’s Liability will be limited to the retail cost of replacement of the damaged property.
11.3 Any defective Hire Goods must be returned to Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider for inspection if requested by Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider, before Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider will have any Liability for defective Hire Goods.
11.4 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer if, without just cause, any monies due in respect of the Hire Goods and/or the Services has not been paid in full by the due date for payment.
11.5 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability for additional damage, loss, liability, claims, costs or expenses caused, or contributed to, by the Customer’s continued use of defective Hire Goods and/or Services after a defect has become apparent, or suspected, or should reasonably have become apparent to the Customer.
11.6 The Customer shall give Skipandwaste.com a reasonable opportunity to remedy any matter for which Skipandwaste.com is liable, before the Customer incurs any costs and/or expenses in remedying the matter itself. If the Customer does not do so Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer in this regard.
11.7 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer to the extent that the Customer is covered by any policy of insurance arranged as a result of the Contract and the Customer shall ensure that the Customer’s insurers waive any and all rights of subrogation they may have against Skipandwaste.com.
11.8 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer for any:-
11.8.1 Consequential losses (including loss of profits and/or damage to goodwill and/or reputation);
11.8.2 Economic and/or other similar losses;
11.8.3 Special damages and indirect losses; and/or
11.8.4 Business interruption, loss of business, contracts and/or opportunity.

11.9 Skipandwaste.com’s total Liability to the Customer under and/or arising in relation to any Contract shall not exceed 5 times the amount of the Rental and charges for Services (if any) under that Contract or the sum of £1,000 whichever is the higher. To the extent that any Liability of Skipandwaste.com to the Customer would be met by any insurance of Skipandwaste.com, then the Liability of Skipandwaste.com shall be extended to the extent that such Liability is met by such insurance.

11.10 Each of the limitations and/or exclusions in this Contract shall be deemed to be repeated and apply as a separate provision for each of:
11.10.1 Liability for breach of contract;
11.10.2 Liability in tort (including negligence); and
11.10.3 Liability for breach of statutory and/or common law duty; except clause 11.9 above, which shall apply once only in respect of all the said types of Liability.

11.11 Nothing in this Contract shall exclude or limit the Liability of Skipandwaste.com for death or personal injury due to Skipandwaste.com’s negligence, nor exclude or limit any other type of Liability which it is not permitted to exclude or limit as a matter of law.

12 GENERAL

12.1 Upon termination of the Contract the provisions of clauses 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 and Section 6 shall continue in full force and effect.

12.2 Each hire of an item of Hire Goods shall form a distinct Contract which shall be separate to any other Contract relating to other Hire Goods.

12.3 The Customer shall be liable for the acts and/or omissions of its employees, agents, servants and/or subcontractors as though they were its own acts and/or omissions under this Contract.

12.4 The Customer agrees to indemnify and keep indemnified Skipandwaste.com against any and all losses, lost profits, damages, claims, costs (including legal costs on a full indemnity basis), actions and any other losses and/or liabilities suffered by the Supplier and arising from or due to any breach of contract, any tortuous act and/or omission and/or any breach of statutory duty by the Customer.

12.5 No waiver by Skipandwaste.com of any breach of this Contract shall be considered as a waiver of any subsequent breach of the same provision, or any other provision. If any provision is held by any relevant competent authority to be part of the validity of the other provisions of this Contract and the remainder of the affected provision shall be unaffected and shall remain in full force and effect.

12.6 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer for any delay and/or non-performance of a Contract to the extent that such delay is due to any Force Majeure events. If Skipandwaste.com is affected by any such event then time for performance shall be extended for a period equal to the period that such event or events delayed such performance.

12.7 All third party rights are excluded and no third parties shall have any rights to enforce the Contract.

This shall not apply to any finance company with whom Skipandwaste.com has an outstanding finance agreement relating to the Hire Goods. Such finance company shall, subject to Skipandwaste.com’s consent, have the right to enforce this Contract as if they were the Supplier. This Contract is governed by and interpreted in accordance with English law and the parties agree to submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the English courts.

13 ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS

13.1 Skipandwaste.com may insert and present for payment any balance due and unpaid where the Customer has signed a blank or nil value debit or credit card voucher. The Supplier may also process interim payments by credit or debit card at any stage of the Contract.