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types of selection in animal breeding pdf

 
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vi. It is in the selection of bulls for breeding purposes that the most serious mistakes are likely to be made. Too often the appearance of the animal is the deciding factor in a choice. 1. Selection methods. Bulls of good type, it is true, tend to transmit good type to their offspring, but there is Selecting suitable animals for meat production is assisted by the new carcass classification system which allows virtually any type of animal to achieve the most desired carcass classes. The five fundamental types of mating systems are (1) random mating, (2) inbreeding, (3) out breeding, (4) assortative mating and (5) disassortative mating. animal breeding allow faster genetic change, long term issues such as inbreeding and maintenance of genetic variation become important. are described below. Part 1 Genetic evaluation with different sources of records: the basic model breeding value prediction from animal own performance breeding value prediction from progeny records breeding value prediction from pedigree breeding value prediction for one trait from another selection index. For example, if a horse has some qualities that the breeder likes, the breeder could breed that horse with another relative so as to reinforce the desirable traits through a “pooling” of the genes. The only advantage of following a commercial crop on station is that a commercial crop is in Chapter 4 (Animal Breeding), the heritability of calving interval or fertility is low (10 percent). Although the basic principles of inheritance and breeding are the same for all animals, the implementation of breeding schemes differs considerably from species to … Some common methods of breeding of cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, donkeys, mules, camels, etc. For that reason, selection tools in animals breeding have become somewhat more sophisticated in recent years. The second category of concerns relates to estimated breeding value. Animals can be compared and selected at a young age on the basis of ancestry. v. Inbreeding can be used to study the actual genetic worth of an animal by mating it to 24-35 of its own daughters. In laboratory animals, highly inbred lines … Differences among animals result from the and the environmental differences in which they are developed. Line breeding is the process of breeding animals or plants that are closely related so as to “fix” or “set” desirable traits. In natural mating a breeding male is actually used for mating with the females. Therefore, most of the variation in calving percentage results from environmental factors such as feeding, management or herd health. The other method is artificial insemination. So, good inbred animals have a better to the exclusion of those of the other parent. Methods of Mating Livestock: The two method of mating livestock breeding is natural and artificial. Selection of males is less intense in this as a bull can be used for mating only 2-3 times, i.e. This might lead to a preference in the selection process for early maturing animals. Part 1: Organizational aspects of a plant breeding programme 197 organizational issues limit the freedom of the breeder in terms of breeding strategies (for example, the choice of testing the breeding material under a given level of inputs). choice on the accuracy and intensity of selection, two important factors in realising genetic progress. In this first chapter the history of animal breeding is presented. Part 2 Genetic relationship between relatives: the numerator relationship … Bourdon (2 nd edition, Prentice Hall), which is an introduction to general breeding theory applying to all animal species. Mankind started to create breeds accompanied with artificial selection 250 years ago. Beef breeding is a relatively simple undertaking, although, as Tom Lasater said, the difficult part is to keep it simple. The importance of selection by nature and important aspects of the domestication process will be described. females in a week. Cattle (Bos indicus): Selection: Mature cattle having more than 3 years of age should be used for breeding.

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