atomic radius of bromine

28/02/2021

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The chemical symbol for Sulfur is S. Sulfur is abundant, multivalent, and nonmetallic. The classical description cannot be used to describe things on the atomic scale. It is the only nonmetallic element that is liquid under ordinary conditions, it evaporates easily at standard temperature and pressures in a red vapor that has a strong disagreeable odor resembling that of chlorine. A) chlorine B) uranium C) potassium D) iodine E) xenon 15) Identify the description of an atom. Only about 5×10−8% of all matter in the universe is europium. Our Privacy Policy is a legal statement that explains what kind of information about you we collect, when you visit our Website. is a rare earth element with a metallic silver luster. The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the distance out to which the electron cloud extends from the nucleus. BROMINE > KRYPTONE. The chemical symbol for Hydrogen is H. With a standard atomic weight of circa 1.008, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. The atomic radius is defined as the distance from the center of an atom's nucleus to its valence electrons (the electrons in its outermost energy level). Naturally occurring potassium is composed of three isotopes, of which 40K is radioactive. Gallium does not occur as a free element in nature, but as gallium(III) compounds in trace amounts in zinc ores and in bauxite. It is the heaviest element that can be formed by neutron bombardment of lighter elements, and hence the last element that can be prepared in macroscopic quantities. Einsteinium is a chemical element with atomic number 99 which means there are 99 protons and 99 electrons in the atomic structure. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Since nucleons (protons and neutrons) make up most of the mass of ordinary atoms, the density of normal matter tends to be limited by how closely we can pack these nucleons and depends on the internal atomic structure of a substance. Bromine is less active chemically than chlorine and fluorine but is more active than iodine; its compounds are similar to those of the other halogens. It has remarkable resistance to corrosion, even at high temperatures, and is therefore considered a noble metal. Its density is about 70% higher than that of lead, and slightly lower than that of gold or tungsten. Gadolinium belongs to a rare earth elements (it is one of a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table). The chemical symbol for Iridium is Ir. Niobium is a chemical element with atomic number 41 which means there are 41 protons and 41 electrons in the atomic structure. Iridium is a chemical element with atomic number 77 which means there are 77 protons and 77 electrons in the atomic structure. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds. At ambient temperature bromine is a brownish-red liquid. Although neodymium is classed as a rare earth, it is a fairly common element. Actinium gave the name to the actinide series, a group of 15 similar elements between actinium and lawrencium in the periodic table. The chemical symbol for Sodium is Na. Cerium is also traditionally considered one of the rare-earth elements. al. Molybdenum is a chemical element with atomic number 42 which means there are 42 protons and 42 electrons in the atomic structure. So a bromine cation would have a smaller radius, and a bromine anion would have a larger atomic radius. Its boiling point is the lowest among all the elements. Atomic radius: 1.12 Å Ionic radius: 1.96 Å (-1) Covalent radius: 1.14 Å Atomic volume: 25.6 cm³/mol Density (293 K): 3.119 g/cm³ Crystal structure: orthorhombic Isotopes Nuclide chlorineb. Xenon is a colorless, dense, odorless noble gas found in the Earth’s atmosphere in trace amounts. The chemical symbol for Chromium is Cr. This page discusses the trends in the atomic and physical properties of the Group 7 elements (the halogens): fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. Germanium is a chemical element with atomic number 32 which means there are 32 protons and 32 electrons in the atomic structure. It is the eponym of the lanthanide series, a group of 15 similar elements between lanthanum and lutetium in the periodic table, of which lanthanum is the first and the prototype. Titanium is a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas, the first in the noble gas group in the periodic table. The chemical symbol for Carbon is C. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. Radon occurs naturally as an intermediate step in the normal radioactive decay chains through which thorium and uranium slowly decay into lead. Gelson Luz is a Mechanical Engineer, expert in welding and passionate about materials. Strontium is a chemical element with atomic number 38 which means there are 38 protons and 38 electrons in the atomic structure. © 2019 periodic-table.org / see alsowww.nuclear-power.net. The chemical symbol for Neon is Ne. The chemical symbol for Nobelium is No. A major development was the discovery that steel could be made highly resistant to corrosion and discoloration by adding metallic chromium to form stainless steel. It is the heaviest essential mineral nutrient. It is occasionally found in native form as elemental crystals. The name xenon for this gas comes from the Greek word ξένον [xenon], neuter singular form of ξένος [xenos], meaning ‘foreign(er)’, ‘strange(r)’, or ‘guest’. By mass, aluminium makes up about 8% of the Earth’s crust; it is the third most abundant element after oxygen and silicon and the most abundant metal in the crust, though it is less common in the mantle below. Atomic radius of krypron (Kr) is 112 pm. ... Atomic Radius: Atomic and ionic radius is the distance from the centre of the nucleus to the outermost shell of the atom or ion. Ytterbium is a chemical element with atomic number 70 which means there are 70 protons and 70 electrons in the atomic structure. Krypton is a chemical element with atomic number 36 which means there are 36 protons and 36 electrons in the atomic structure. Commercially, thallium is produced as a byproduct from refining of heavy metal sulfide ores. The chemical symbol for Xenon is Xe. If we include man made elements, the densest so far is Hassium. The chemical symbol for Lawrencium is Lr. Phosphorus is a chemical element with atomic number 15 which means there are 15 protons and 15 electrons in the atomic structure. Boron is a chemical element with atomic number 5 which means there are 5 protons and 5 electrons in the atomic structure. Bromine has a total of 35 electrons whose distribution is as follows: In the first layer it has 2 electrons, in the second it has 8 electrons, in its third layer it has 18 electrons and in the fourth one, 7 electrons. The chemical symbol for Tin is Sn. Under standard conditions, it is the lightest metal and the lightest solid element. Holmium is a relatively soft and malleable silvery-white metal. Arsenic occurs in many minerals, usually in combination with sulfur and metals, but also as a pure elemental crystal. The chemical symbol for Rhenium is Re. Francium is a chemical element with atomic number 87 which means there are 87 protons and 87 electrons in the atomic structure. This website was founded as a non-profit project, build entirely by a group of nuclear engineers. Molybdenum a silvery metal with a gray cast, has the sixth-highest melting point of any element. Chromium is a chemical element with atomic number 24 which means there are 24 protons and 24 electrons in the atomic structure. It has an estimated density of 40.7 x 103 kg/m3. Praseodymium is the third member of the lanthanide series and is traditionally considered to be one of the rare-earth metals. Chromium is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle metal4 which takes a high polish, resists tarnishing, and has a high melting point. Its physical and chemical properties are most similar to its heavier homologues strontium and barium. Discoverer: Priestley, Joseph and Scheele, Carl Wilhelm, Discoverer: Ramsay, William and Travers, Morris, Discoverer: Ramsay, Sir William and Strutt, John (Lord Rayleigh), Discoverer: Del Rio, Andrés Manuel (1801) and Sefström, Nils Gabriel (1830), Discoverer: Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-Émile, Discoverer: Ramsay, Sir William and Travers, Morris, Discoverer: Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm and Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert, Discoverer: Perrier, Carlo and Segrè, Emilio, Discoverer: Reich, Ferdinand and Richter, Hieronymus, Discoverer: Müller von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph, Discoverer: Ramsay, William and Travers, Morris William, Discoverer: Kirchhoff, Gustav and Bunsen, Robert. Protactinium is a chemical element with atomic number 91 which means there are 91 protons and 91 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Helium is He. The chemical symbol for Argon is Ar. It may seem, that the space and in fact the matter is empty, but it is not. In the case of Bromine the ionic radius is 1.96 (-1) Å. Therefore the space in an atom (between electrons and an atomic nucleus) is not empty, but it is filled by a probability density function of electrons (usually known as “electron cloud“). On the atomic scale, physicists have found that quantum mechanics describes things very well on that scale. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent: among the elements, it has the highest electron affinity and the third-highest electronegativity, behind only oxygen and fluorine. Lanthanoids comprise the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanum through lutetium. Platinum is used in catalytic converters, laboratory equipment, electrical contacts and electrodes, platinum resistance thermometers, dentistry equipment, and jewelry. Scandium is a silvery-white metallic d-block element, it has historically been sometimes classified as a rare-earth element, together with yttrium and the lanthanides. The ninth member of the lanthanide series, terbium is a fairly electropositive metal that reacts with water, evolving hydrogen gas. Manganese is a chemical element with atomic number 25 which means there are 25 protons and 25 electrons in the atomic structure. Chlorine is greenish-yellow gas. Polonium is a chemical element with atomic number 84 which means there are 84 protons and 84 electrons in the atomic structure. These elements, along with the chemically similar elements scandium and yttrium, are often collectively known as the rare earth elements. It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. Maybe add your school logo, work team or anything else to make your paper look cool? Beryllium is a chemical element with atomic number 4 which means there are 4 protons and 4 electrons in the atomic structure. It is even less abundant than the so-called rare earths. Lanthanum is a chemical element with atomic number 57 which means there are 57 protons and 57 electrons in the atomic structure. Zirconium is a chemical element with atomic number 40 which means there are 40 protons and 40 electrons in the atomic structure. Carbon is a chemical element with atomic number 6 which means there are 6 protons and 6 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Iron is Fe. Tungsten is an intrinsically brittle and hard material, making it difficult to work. uraniumc. Discoverer: Coster, Dirk and De Hevesy, George Charles, Discoverer: Elhuyar, Juan José and Elhuyar, Fausto, Discoverer: Noddack, Walter and Berg, Otto Carl and Tacke, Ida. Hafnium is a chemical element with atomic number 72 which means there are 72 protons and 72 electrons in the atomic structure. Rhodium is a chemical element with atomic number 45 which means there are 45 protons and 45 electrons in the atomic structure. Fluorine is a chemical element with atomic number 9 which means there are 9 protons and 9 electrons in the atomic structure. Complete and detailed technical data about the element Bromine in the Periodic Table. Bromine has the electron configuration [Ar]3d 4s 4p , with the seven electrons in the fourth and outermost shell acting as its valence electrons. Nickel is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Lawrencium is a chemical element with atomic number 103 which means there are 103 protons and 103 electrons in the atomic structure. Radon is a radioactive, colorless, odorless, tasteless noble gas. Thulium is the thirteenth and third-last element in the lanthanide series. Bromine is the third-lightest halogen, and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that … Note: Learn more about the atomic radius here. Francium is the second-least electronegative element, behind only caesium, and is the second rarest naturally occurring element (after astatine). Argon is the third-most abundant gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.934% (9340 ppmv). All of its isotopes are radioactive. Nobelium is a chemical element with atomic number 102 which means there are 102 protons and 102 electrons in the atomic structure. In nuclear industry gadolinium is commonly used as a neutron absorber due to very high neutron absorbtion cross-section of two isotopes 155Gd and 157Gd. Its properties are thus similar to those of fluorine, chlorine, and iodine, and tend to be intermediate between those of the two neighbouring halogens, chlorine and iodine. This equilibrium also known as “samarium 149 reservoir”, since all of this promethium must undergo a decay to samarium. Thorium is moderately hard, malleable, and has a high melting point. Therefore, there are various non-equivalent definitions of atomic radius. Consequently, the smallest atom is helium with a radius of 32 pm, while one of the largest is caesium at 225 pm. Melting point of Bromine is -7,3 °C and its the boiling point is 58,8 °C. The chemical symbol for Germanium is Ge. Gold is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. The chemical symbol for Rhodium is Rh. The most stable known isotope, 269Hs, has a half-life of approximately 9.7 seconds. Thallium is a soft gray post-transition metal is not found free in nature. It must be noted, atoms lack a well-defined outer boundary. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. Because of its high chemical reactivity, barium is never found in nature as a free element. Atomic Number of Bromine is 35.. Chemical symbol for Bromine is Br. The chemical symbol for Tantalum is Ta. xenon The chemical symbol for Berkelium is Bk. Bromine is the third-lightest halogen, and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured gas. Its extreme rarity in the Earth’s crust, comparable to that of platinum. Osmium is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group that is found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores. Uranium is a silvery-white metal in the actinide series of the periodic table. The chemical symbol for Boron is B. Since the density (ρ) of a substance is the total mass (m) of that substance divided by the total volume (V) occupied by that substance, it is obvious, the density of a substance strongly depends on its atomic mass and also on the atomic number density (N; atoms/cm3). Both bromine an arsenic have the same atomic radius. Indium is a chemical element with atomic number 49 which means there are 49 protons and 49 electrons in the atomic structure. The Van der Waals radius, rw, of an atom is the radius of an imaginary hard sphere representing the distance of closest approach for another atom. Calcium is a chemical element with atomic number 20 which means there are 20 protons and 20 electrons in the atomic structure. Trends in atomic radius down a group. The detailed configuration is Br: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 5. Silicon is a chemical element with atomic number 14 which means there are 14 protons and 14 electrons in the atomic structure. Berkelium is a member of the actinide and transuranium element series. 2) You may not distribute or commercially exploit the content, especially on another website. The Cookies Statement is part of our Privacy Policy. Number of protons in Bromine is 35. Due to electronic repulsion on the outer shell, the anion is larger than the atom Europium is a chemical element with atomic number 63 which means there are 63 protons and 63 electrons in the atomic structure. Technetium is a chemical element with atomic number 43 which means there are 43 protons and 43 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Uranium is U. Discoverer: Marinsky, Jacob A. and Coryell, Charles D. and Glendenin, Lawerence. Mendelevium is a metallic radioactive transuranic element in the actinide series, it is the first element that currently cannot be produced in macroscopic quantities. Carbon is the 15th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, and the fourth most abundant element in the universe by mass after hydrogen, helium, and oxygen. The chemical symbol for Phosphorus is P. As an element, phosphorus exists in two major forms—white phosphorus and red phosphorus—but because it is highly reactive, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. The densest material found on earth is the metal osmium, but its density pales by comparison to the densities of exotic astronomical objects such as white dwarf stars and neutron stars. The chemical symbol for Iodine is I. Iodine is the heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists as a lustrous, purple-black metallic solid at standard conditions that sublimes readily to form a violet gas. Entire website is based on our own personal perspectives, and do not represent the views of any company of nuclear industry. Thorium is commonly found in monazite sands (rare earth metals containing phosphate mineral). Lead is widely used as a gamma shield. All of the alkali metals have a single valence electron in the outer electron shell, which is easily removed to create an ion with a positive charge – a cation, which combines with anions to form salts. The free element, produced by reductive smelting, is a hard, lustrous, silver-gray metal. The chemical symbol for Calcium is Ca. The atomic radii decrease across the periodic table because as the atomic number increases, the number of protons increases across the period, but the extra electrons are only added to the same quantum shell. and Gay-Lussac, L.-J. Like all alkali metals, lithium is highly reactive and flammable, and is stored in mineral oil. The chemical symbol for Thallium is Tl. The chemical symbol for Samarium is Sm. The chemical symbol for Molybdenum is Mo. The chemical symbol for Copper is Cu. Neptunium metal is silvery and tarnishes when exposed to air. Not found any post match with your request, STEP 2: Click the link on your social network, Can not copy the codes / texts, please press [CTRL]+[C] (or CMD+C with Mac) to copy, How a small number of atoms can be joined and form completely different substances. The chemical symbol for Barium is Ba. This page discusses the trends in the atomic and physical properties of the Group 7 elements (the halogens): fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. The chemical symbol for Titanium is Ti. Need an editable periodic table to edit? The chemical symbol for Technetium is Tc. Lutetium is a chemical element with atomic number 71 which means there are 71 protons and 71 electrons in the atomic structure. The metal is found in the Earth’s crust in the pure, free elemental form (“native silver”), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite. Francium is a highly radioactive metal that decays into astatine, radium, and radon. Zirconium is a lustrous, grey-white, strong transition metal that resembles hafnium and, to a lesser extent, titanium. Rhenium is a chemical element with atomic number 75 which means there are 75 protons and 75 electrons in the atomic structure. Bromine is soluble in organ… Edit. Bromine is a chemical element with atomic number 35 which means there are 35 protons and 35 electrons in the atomic structure. The atomic radius of Bromine atom is 120pm (covalent radius). The chemical symbol for Ruthenium is Ru. The chemical symbol for Curium is Cm. Atomic Number: 35: Atomic Radius: 183 pm (Van der Waals) Atomic Symbol: Br: Melting Point:-7.2 °C: Atomic Weight: 79.90: Boiling Point: 58.8 °C: Electron Configuration: The chemical symbol for Selenium is Se. These electrons together weigh only a fraction (let say 0.05%) of entire atom. Fermium is a chemical element with atomic number 100 which means there are 100 protons and 100 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Nitrogen is N. Nitrogen is a colourless, odourless unreactive gas that forms about 78% of the earth’s atmosphere. Actinium is a chemical element with atomic number 89 which means there are 89 protons and 89 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Indium is In. Discoverer: Scientists at Dubna, Russia (1964)/Albert Ghiorso et. There are cool facts about Bromine that most don't know about. 10XX,52,11XX,17,12XX,7,13XX,4,15XX,16,3XXX,2,40XX,10,41XX,12,43XX,5,44XX,4,46XX,5,47XX,3,48XX,3,5XXX,23,6XXX,3,71XX,1,8XXX,22,92XX,5,93XX,1,94XX,4,98XX,2,AISI,66,ASTM,171,Atomic-Mass,327,Atomic-Number,436,Atomic-Radius,86,Atomic-Symbol,329,Atomic-Volume,94,Austenitic,56,Boiling-Point,94,CBS,6,Chemical-Elements,100,Chemical-Symbol,217,CMDS,13,Coefficient-of-Thermal-Expansion,85,Covalent-Radius,87,Crystal-Structure,109,CS,17,CVS,3,Density,309,Duplex,6,Elastic-Modulus,30,Electrical-Conductivity,79,Electro-Affinity,87,Electron-Configuration,109,Electronegativity,102,Electrons-per-Shell,111,Enthalpy-of-Fusion,93,Enthalpy-of-Vaporization,95,Ferritic,12,Group-Number,218,HCS,14,Heat-of-Fusion,87,Heat-of-Vaporization,85,HMCS,16,Ionic-Radius,78,Ionization-Energy,102,Ionization-Potential,101,LCS,21,List,281,Martensitic,6,MCS,17,MDS,14,Melting-Point,96,MS,4,NCMDBS,6,NCMDS,31,NCS,2,NMDS,8,Oxidation-States,104,Period-Number,107,Properties,40,RCLS,1,RCS,16,RRCLS,3,RRCS,4,SAE,201,Site,2,SMS,5,Specific-Gravity,83,Specific-Heat,92,Specific-Weight,1,SS,80,Tests,2,Thermal-Conductivity,105,Valence-Electrons,98. Copper is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. The chemical symbol for Antimony is Sb. The average radius for bromine is 115 pm, its atomic radius or Bohr radius is 94 pm, its covalent radius is 114 pm, and its Van der Waals radius is 185 pm. Niobium is a soft, grey, ductile transition metal, often found in the minerals pyrochlore (the main commercial source for niobium) and columbite. It is fairly soft and slowly tarnishes in air. Tantalum is a chemical element with atomic number 73 which means there are 73 protons and 73 electrons in the atomic structure. The name samarium is after the mineral samarskite from which it was isolated. The chemical symbol for Actinium is Ac. It rarely occurs in its elemental state or as pure ore compounds in the Earth’s crust. The chemical symbol for Osmium is Os. Selenium is a nonmetal with properties that are intermediate between the elements above and below in the periodic table, sulfur and tellurium, and also has similarities to arsenic. Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and concludes three major decay chains of heavier elements. The elemental metal is rarely found in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer (passivation) stabilizes the free metal somewhat against further oxidation. Aluminum is a chemical element with atomic number 13 which means there are 13 protons and 13 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Plutonium is Pu. Iodine is the least abundant of the stable halogens, being the sixty-first most abundant element. Astatine is the rarest naturally occurring element on the Earth’s crust. ... Fluorine is light yellow/Pale yellow gas. In nuclear reactors, promethium equilibrium exists in power operation. The chemical symbol for Gold is Au. Tin is a post-transition metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Rhenium is a silvery-white, heavy, third-row transition metal in group 7 of the periodic table. Terbium is a silvery-white, rare earth metal that is malleable, ductile, and soft enough to be cut with a knife. The chemical symbol for Neodymium is Nd. Neon is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions, with about two-thirds the density of air. The chemical symbol for Ytterbium is Yb. Thulium is an easily workable metal with a bright silvery-gray luster. The chemical symbol for Krypton is Kr. Discoverer: McMillan, Edwin M. and Abelson, Philip H. Discoverer: Glenn T. Seaborg, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edward M. McMillan, Arthur C. Wohl, Discoverer: Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Bernard G. Harvey, Gregory R. Choppin, Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Torbørn Sikkeland, John R. Walton, Discoverer: Albert Ghiorso, Torbjørn Sikkeland, Almon E. Larsh, Robert M. Latimer, Copyright 2021 Periodic Table | All Rights Reserved |. Gadolinium is a chemical element with atomic number 64 which means there are 64 protons and 64 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Dysprosium is Dy. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. Liquid nitrogen (made by distilling liquid air) boils at 77.4 kelvins (−195.8°C) and is used as a coolant. Antimony is a lustrous gray metalloid, it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite. Trends in atomic radius across periods. Being a typical member of the lanthanide series, europium usually assumes the oxidation state +3. It is a synthetic element (first synthesised at Hasse in Germany) and radioactive. Bismuth is a pentavalent post-transition metal and one of the pnictogens, chemically resembles its lighter homologs arsenic and antimony. Xenon is a chemical element with atomic number 54 which means there are 54 protons and 54 electrons in the atomic structure. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium. Like all elements with atomic number over 100, nobelium can only be produced in particle accelerators by bombarding lighter elements with charged particles. Iron is a metal in the first transition series. You have to … Helium is a chemical element with atomic number 2 which means there are 2 protons and 2 electrons in the atomic structure. Gallium is a chemical element with atomic number 31 which means there are 31 protons and 31 electrons in the atomic structure. Edit. Zirconium is widely used as a cladding for nuclear reactor fuels. Its abundance in rocky planets like Earth is due to its abundant production by fusion in high-mass stars. Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. But this “huge” space is occupied primarily by electrons, because the nucleus occupies only about 1721×10−45 m3 of space. Atomic radius of fluorine (F) is 72 pm. The chemical symbol for Zirconium is Zr. It is by mass the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth’s outer and inner core. The chemical symbol for Promethium is Pm. Save. Erbium is a silvery-white solid metal when artificially isolated, natural erbium is always found in chemical combination with other elements. Bromine is a chemical element with atomic number 35 which means there are 35 protons and 35 electrons in the atomic structure. Neodymium is not found naturally in metallic form or unmixed with other lanthanides, and it is usually refined for general use. Arsenic is a metalloid. In fact their absorption cross-sections are the highest among all stable isotopes. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Lead is a heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Atomic Radius of Bromine The atomic radius of Bromine atom is 120pm (covalent radius). Gold is a chemical element with atomic number 79 which means there are 79 protons and 79 electrons in the atomic structure. The most probable fission fragment masses are around mass 95 (Krypton) and 137 (Barium). Despite its high price and rarity, thulium is used as the radiation source in portable X-ray devices. Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element, with a density of 22.59 g/cm3. As a result, the electron cloud contracts and the atomic radius decreases. Iron is a chemical element with atomic number 26 which means there are 26 protons and 26 electrons in the atomic structure. Palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium form a group of elements referred to as the platinum group metals (PGMs). The chemical symbol for Thorium is Th. The chemical symbol for Chlorine is Cl. Technetium is the lightest element whose isotopes are all radioactive; none are stable. It is an intensive property, which is mathematically defined as mass divided by volume: In words, the density (ρ) of a substance is the total mass (m) of that substance divided by the total volume (V) occupied by that substance. The chemical symbol for Protactinium is Pa. Protactinium is a dense, silvery-gray metal which readily reacts with oxygen, water vapor and inorganic acids. Significant concentrations of boron occur on the Earth in compounds known as the borate minerals.

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b) The Hirer agrees in all cases: –
(i) To provide and adequately maintain all necessary approach roads and sites for the purpose of the delivery.
(ii) To rely on their own skill and judgement and to satisfy themselves as to the suitability of all approach roads, tracks, or grounds, for the purposes of delivery, siting and collection of hire item(s) and to notify Skipandwaste.com at the time of ordering the service of any special requirements as to delivery.
(iii) To promptly, on the arrival of the vehicle, accept delivery and provide any necessary directions and a suitable site.
(iv) To ensure that an authorised person is present at the time of delivery to sign an acknowledgement of delivery and or collection of the hire item(s) and that such authority is signed on delivery or collection by such authorised person and not otherwise, and the Hirer agrees that any delivery or collection note signed by a person with apparent authority to do so shall be deemed to be signed by an authorised representative of the hirer and that where no such person is available to sign such proof of delivery or collection, within the stipulated time nominated by the provider at the time of placing the order, from arrival of the hire item(s) or the vehicle at the site the provider’s written confirmation of delivery shall be final and binding upon the Hirer.

c) The Hirer shall hold harmless and keep Skipandwaste.com indemnified against any claim, demand or penalty arising during the period of hire and which could not have been made had the provider not agreed to provide the service including, but not limited thereto all 3rd party claims, or claims for damages arising out of accidents related to any hire item(s) the subject of this contract.

8. i) The price for the provision of the service shall be such sum as shall from time to time be agreed between the parties and in default of agreement shall be the reasonable value of services (Quantum Meruit) which, unless otherwise agreed, shall be exclusive of VAT which shall be payable by the Hirer.
ii) Except where the Hirer has a previously approved credit account with Skipandwaste.com payment for the provision of the Service shall be made in full by the Hirer to Skipandwaste.com prior to the delivery by Skipandwaste.com of any hire item(s).
iii) Where the Hirer has an approved credit account, Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to invoice the Hirer immediately for all the services already provided, and those which are pending; the Hirer shall pay the price for the provision of the service to Skipandwaste.com within 30 days of the date of Skipandwaste.com’s invoice. The time of payment of the price shall be of the essence of the Contract.

iv) The Hirer agrees that in the event that the Hirer shall fail to pay Skipandwaste.com’s nominated account in accordance with the terms in effect, Skipandwaste.com shall for such purposes be entitled to enter upon any premises of the Hirer, or any third party from whom waste was collected for such purposes as recovery of goods equivalent to the outstanding element of the contract.
v) Skipandwaste.com reserves the right to grant, refuse, withdraw, restrict, alter or cancel credit terms at its sole discretion. Where the Service is to be supplied over a period of time, each instalment thereof shall be treated as a separate contract and failure by Skipandwaste.com to provide any one or more instalments, shall not entitle the Hirer to treat the contract as a whole as repudiated.
vi) If the Hirer fails to make any payment on the due date then, without prejudice to any other right or remedy available to Skipandwaste.com, Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to:
a) Cancel the contract or suspend any further deliveries to the Hirer.
b) Appropriate any payment made by the Hirer to such of the services (or the Services supplied under any other contract between Skipandwaste.com and the Hirer) as Skipandwaste.com may think fit not withstanding any purported appropriation by the Hirer; and
c) charge interest on such sum from the due date for payment at the annual rate of 4% above the base lending rate from time to time of Nat West bank plc, accruing on a daily basis and being compounded quarterly until payment is made, whether before or after any judgment and the Hirer shall pay the interest immediately on demand. Skipandwaste.com may claim interest under the Late Payment of Commercial Debts (Interest) Act 1998 per month until payment in full is made (a part of a month being treated as a full month for the purpose of calculating interest).
d) Charge the hirer’s credit and or debit card as listed on the credit card and bank reference form to bring the account back into agreed trading terms.

9. The Hirer shall ensure that the delivery site is prepared for receipt of the hired skip, and where so required to do by the Provider, direct the Driver where to deposit or pick up the hire item(s).
a) Failure by the Hirer to ensure that the site of hire is duly prepared and ready to receive, or have removed as part of the agreed service, the hire item(s) will result in a charge being applied for the amount of £100 or the total cost of the Provider’s wasted journey/visit fee, or whichever is the greater.

10. a) Where Skipandwaste.com or the Driver are requested or directed to deposit or pick up hire item(s) on, or from a site, which is off a highway; or where delivery otherwise involves the passage of the vehicle over gratings, drains, roads, pavements, forecourts, yards, asphalt areas or any like areas, Skipandwaste.com shall be under no liability whatsoever to the Hirer for any damage howsoever caused whilst the vehicle is off the highway. To the fullest extent permitted by the law, Skipandwaste.com shall not be held liable for any negligence or tort on the part of the skip provider. Without prejudice to the generality of Condition 7c) the Hirer shall subject as above, hold harmless and keep Skipandwaste.com indemnified against any claim or demand which could not have been made had the Driver not been so requested or directed. The Hirer will, in addition, compensate Skipandwaste.com or the provider for any damage to the vehicle or the hire item(s) which would not have occurred had the Driver not been so requested or directed and which is not due to any negligence on the part of the Driver.
b) If Skipandwaste.com is prevented for any reason beyond its control from delivering or collecting a hire item(s), the Hirer shall remain liable for Skipandwaste.com’s charges together with such additional sums as the Provider shall reasonably so require for the further provision of the Service.
11. The usual time allowed for depositing or picking up hire item(s) is ten minutes. If the vehicle is kept waiting longer than this after arrival the Hirer shall be liable for reasonable demurrage, as described by the Provider in their terms and conditions of usage.

12. The standard time allowed for a ‘Wait & Load’ is fifteen minutes. If the vehicle is kept waiting longer than this initial time, the hirer shall be liable for a waiting charge as described by the Provider in their terms and conditions of usage.

13. The Hirer shall ensure that all permissions required before the hire item(s) can lawfully be deposited on the site including the permission required under the Highways Act 1971 have been, or will be obtained, before they request the Provider, or direct the Driver to deposit the hire item(s) on the site; and that the said permission will be kept in force during the period of hire and where necessary for up to 3 working days thereafter. The hirer will ensure that all hire item(s) sited on the highways will be lighted and coned in accordance with the terms and conditions of the highways act and the issuing local authority’s demands.

14. The Hirer shall not move the hire item(s) from the site without the consent of the Provider and where necessary the highway authority; and in any case will undertake to notify Skipandwaste.com as soon as is reasonably possible.

15. The Hirer shall ensure:

a) That the Hirer signs a single or multiple consignment transfer note declaring the waste type and that the waste is accurately described when completing the transfer note.

b) Where the waste type does not conform to the description, as specified on the waste transfer note, or is different to that as specified at the time the hire item(s) was ordered, then charges will vary accordingly.

c) Where inert waste loads (soil/hardcore/muck) are ordered and they are found to contain other waste types, in particular mixed builder’s waste materials thus contaminating the load, the hirer will be charged accordingly for the hire tipping charges (typically £82.50 per tonne). In particular the hirer must be aware of the considerable differences in landfill tax rates. Currently £2.50/tonne for inert materials and £82.50/tonne for active waste materials.

d) Where appropriate, waste is only stored in suitable containers.

e) That no liquids, explosives, toxic, or dangerous materials including, but not limited to fibrous asbestos, solvents, minerals or greases will be placed in the hire item(s) without the written consent of the supplier; and that the contents of the hire item(s) when loaded conform to the requirements of S.I.1980/1709 or any re-enactment thereof and the local waste regulation authority with regard omits suitability for disposal as general or special waste as a controlled waste disposal site.

f) If any waste to which the said section applies is placed in any hire item(s) the Hirer will immediately give the notices required by the said section and send copies of such notices to both Skipandwaste.com and the Provider.

g) That no bonded asbestos will be placed, save where the Hirer has given to Skipandwaste.com, a minimum of seven days’ notice of their intentions so to do and obtained the written agreement of Skipandwaste.com and agreed to the charges to be made with regard thereto.

h) No cans, bottles or other liquid containers are placed in the hire item(s) unless they are dry, free from liquid, residues and open for inspection.
i) That no fridges, freezers, vehicle tyres, car/commercial vehicle batteries and any other waste types, which following changes in legislation from time to time may become classified as a special difficult, or hazardous waste type.

16. The Hirer shall ensure from the time that the hire item(s) is deposited until it is picked up again by the Provider/Supplier:-

a) It is properly sited in accordance with any relevant permission and that all conditions thereof are observed and performed at all times.

b) It is properly coned where necessary during the hours of daylight and coned and lighted during the hours of darkness.

c) No fires are lit in, and no corrosive acid or noxious substance, liquid cement or concrete placed in the hire item(s).

d) It is filled no higher than the top of its sides and in such a manner as to prevent spillage of material, both whilst the container is stationary, or in transit. Where hire item(s) are located on public or third party property and waste is accumulated for any reason whatsoever in the immediate proximity of the hire item(s), Skipandwaste.com reserves the right to supply a further hire item(s) to contain the surplus material and to transfer the same to the hire item(s) and to debit the Hirer with the reasonable costs of so doing.

e) It suffers no damage except fair wear and tear. All damage by fire, vandalism or other means, the Hirer will reimburse the Provider all costs for either replacement or repair; unless the Hirer has taken out an insurance policy with Skipandwaste.com, or provides their own insurance to cover all loss and/or damage whilst the hire item(s) are under the Hirer’s care.

f) No danger is caused by the hire item(s) or its contents to any third party and in particular, but without limitation thereto, to children.

g) No unauthorised removal of the hire item(s) shall take place by the hirer or a 3rd party contractor without the prior consent of the provider. The hirer will be debited all reasonable costs incurred in returning the hire item(s), or in cases where the hire item(s) is deemed lost or stolen the hirer will reimburse the Provider in full. Please note that many insurance policies will not cover theft of hire item(s).

17. Notwithstanding the terms of condition 15 it shall be the Hirer’s duty to notify the Provider of, and the Provider’s responsibility to ensure compliance with, any condition imposed by a highway authority relating to the marking of the hire item(s) with reflective paint.

18. Except as specifically otherwise agreed in writing the Hirer shall fill the hire item(s) within the period of hire as specified by the Provider and shall inform Skipandwaste.com in good time of its readiness for collection or replacement. The Hirer shall ensure that, from the time when collection of the hire item(s) is due to take place until the same is collected, there is left a clear space at one end of the container to terminate the hiring of the hire item(s) the minimum notice period shall be one clear working day.

19. The Provider may arrange the removal or repositioning of the hire item(s) if required at any time to do so by a highway authority or constable in uniform under Section 140 of the Highway Act 1980. The Hirer shall be responsible for the reasonable additional cost thereof on the part of the Provider or Supplier.

20. It is the responsibility of the hirer’s representative on site to keep the hirer’s copy of the ‘Proof of
Delivery’ ticket. Any copies required at a later date will be subject to a £30 administration charge.

21. Except as specifically otherwise agreed in writing, the Provider agrees to dispose of the contents of the hire item(s) as shall be in accordance with the terms of the contract. The Hirer agrees that they will pay the Provider’s reasonable charges of dealing with any of the contents of any hire item(s) which do not comply with the terms of this contract.

22. Risk and Title: The risk in relation to any hire item(s) supplied pursuant to this Contract shall pass to the Hirer upon delivery, in accordance with the Hirer’s request or direction and shall remain with the Hirer until the hire item(s) are collected by the Provider. Title shall not transfer to the Hirer under any circumstances.

23. Where the Service is provided under a consumer transaction as defined by the Consumer Transaction (Restriction on Statements) order 1976, the statutory rights of the Hirer are not affected by these conditions.

24. It is specifically provided and agreed that any compensation &/or damages payment in respect of any claim or claims arising out of, or in connection with, the terms of this contract for any reason whatsoever and howsoever arising, shall not amount in the aggregate to more than the cost of the provision of the service by the Provider, or that part of the Service giving rise to such claim, and in any event not more than £1000; and Skipandwaste.com and any other person entitled to the benefit of this contract shall have no further liability to the Hirer. Except in respect of death or personal injury caused by the negligence of Skipandwaste.com or any other person entitled to the benefit of this contract, Skipandwaste.com or such party shall not be liable to the Hirer by reason of any representation, or any implied warranty, condition or other term, or any duty at common law, or under the expressed terms of this contract, for any consequential loss or damage (whether for loss of profit or otherwise), costs, expenses or other claims for consequential or incidental compensation whatsoever (and whether caused by the negligence of Skipandwaste.com or any other party entitled to the benefit of this contract, their employees, or agents, or otherwise) which arise out of, or in connection with the supply of the service, except as expressly provided in these conditions.

25. Skipandwaste.com shall not be liable to the Hirer or be deemed to be in breach of the contract by reason of any delay in performing, or any failure to perform, any of the provider’s, supplier’s, or co-ordinator’s obligations in relation to the service, if the delay or failure was due to force majeure.

26. Insolvency of Hirer:

a) This clause applies if:

i) The Hirer makes any voluntary arrangement with its creditors or becomes subject to an administration order or (being an individual or firm) becomes bankrupt or (being a company) goes into liquidation (otherwise than for the purposes of amalgamation or
reconstruction); or ii) an encumbrance takes possession, or a receiver is appointed, or any of the property or assets of the Hirer, or

iii) The Hirer ceases or threatens to cease; to carry on business; or

iv) Skipandwaste.com reasonably apprehends that any of the events mentioned above is about to occur in relation to the Hirer and notifies to the Hirer accordingly.

b) If this clause applies, then without prejudice to any other right or remedy available to Skipandwaste.com, Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to cancel the contract or suspend any further deliveries under the Contract without any liability to the Hirer, and if the Services have been provided but not paid for, the price shall become immediately due and payable, not withstanding any previous agreement or arrangement to the contrary.

27. Refund Policy

27.1 Application for refunds must be sent directly to Skipandwaste.com, in writing, addressed to the Customer Service Manager.

28. Cancellation Policy – Cancellation of Hire. If the hirer chooses to cancel the hire, the following charges will be levied:

More than 4 days’ notice – 10% of total hire charge

1-3 days’ notice – 50% of total hire charge

Less than 24 hours’ notice – 100% of total hire charge

Please note cancellation charges apply on all orders once instruction to deliver has been taken.

Additional Terms & Conditions for Domestic Private Hire

The hirer is responsible for ensuring the position for hire item(s) delivery has a clear access. Blocked access due to abandoned vehicles or materials resulting in failed delivery/collection will incur standing time and or an aborted delivery charge (known generally as a wasted journey fee). The Hirer is responsible for theft or damage to hire item(s) whilst on hire & until hire item(s) is removed by the hire item(s) owner.

Skipandwaste.com cannot accept any liability for any costs incurred through damage to the hirer’s driveway or other property whilst delivering or collecting the hire item(s) off the public highway.

The hire item(s) vehicle is invited off the highways onto private property at the hirer’s own risk, and is a separate arrangement to be confirmed with the Provider. Please note that we draw your attention to the fact that tarmac, block paved, and pattern-imprinted concrete driveways are at most risk.

The Hirer is also responsible for pointing out low lying cables, narrow entrance pillars, manhole covers, and any other potential risks or obstructions to Hire item(s) or the driver, prior to the hire item(s) delivery.
The local authority may require the lighting and coning of all on-road hire item(s) and, unless otherwise advised, it is necessary to obtain the necessary council consent with a road permit. Hirers should note that the fines for failure to light and cone a skip correctly vary according to the regulations set by the permit issuing authority. Hirers are advised to consult https://www.gov.uk/apply-skip-permit prior to completing the request of the hire item(s). Skipandwaste.com can assist in the facilitation of the provision of a valid permit. Please be advised that there will be an administration charge of £15 per permit/paperwork application.

In all cases delivery and collection times are given for guidance only and Skipandwaste.com accepts no liability for any costs incurred due to delays in delivery/collection; or failure to deliver on the preferred delivery date, or at the preferred time due to unforeseen circumstances. In all circumstances invoices exclude exceptional conditions such as force majeure.

In Addition to the above terms

1 INTERPRETATION

1.1 In these conditions the following words have the following meanings:
“Contract” means a contract which incorporates these conditions and made between the Customer and the Supplier for the hire of Hire Goods and/or the sale of Products;
“Customer” means the person, firm, company or other organisation hiring Hire Goods;
“Deposit” means any advance payment required by Skipandwaste.com in relation to the Hire Goods which is to be held as security by Skipandwaste.com;
“Force Majeure” means any event outside a party’s reasonable control including but not limited to acts of God, war, flood, fire, labour disputes, strikes, sub-contractors, lock-outs, riots, civil commotion, malicious damage, explosion, terrorism, governmental actions and any other similar events;
“Hire Goods” means any machine, article, tool, skip, ‘wheelie bin’ and/or device together with any accessories specified in a Contract, which are hired to the Customer;
“Hire Period” means the period commencing when the Customer holds the Hire Goods on hire (including Saturdays, Sundays and Bank Holidays) and ending upon the happening of any of the following events: the physical return of the Hire Goods by the Customer into the Provider’s possession; or the physical repossession or collection of Hire Goods by the Provider;
“Liability” means liability for any and all damages, claims, proceedings, actions, awards, expenses, costs and any other losses and/or liabilities;
“Products” means the products sold to the Customer by Skipandwaste.com; “Rental” means the Provider’s charging rate for the hire of the Hire Goods which is current from time to time during the Hire Period;
“Provider” means the appointed company arranged by Skipandwaste.com to fulfil the terms of the contract and will include its employees, servants, agents and/or duly authorised representatives;
“Services” means the services and/or work (if any) to be performed by Skipandwaste.com for the Customer in conjunction with the hire of Hire Goods including any delivery and/or collection service for the Hire Goods.

2 BASIS OF CONTRACT

2.1 Hire Goods are hired subject to them being available for hire to the Customer at the time required by the Customer. Skipandwaste.com will not be liable for any loss suffered by the Customer as a result of the Hire Goods being unavailable for hire where the Hire Goods are unavailable due to circumstances beyond Skipandwaste.com’s control.
2.2 Where hire of the Hire Goods is to a Customer who is an individual and the hire would be covered by the Consumer Credit Act 1974 the duration of the Hire Period shall not exceed 3 months, after which time the Contract shall be deemed to have automatically terminated.
2.3 Nothing in this Contract shall exclude or limit any statutory rights of the Customer which may not be excluded or limited due to the Customer acting as a consumer. For further information about your statutory rights contact your local authority Trading Standards Department or Citizen’s Advice Bureau.

3 PAYMENT

3.1 The amount of any Deposit, Rental and/or charges for any Services shall be as quoted to the Customer or otherwise as shown in Skipandwaste.com’s online quotation service. Where a Deposit is required for the Hire Goods it must be paid in advance of the Customer hiring the Hire Goods. Skipandwaste.com may also require an initial payment on account of the Rental in advance of the Customer hiring the Hire Goods.
3.2 The Customer shall pay the Rental, charges for any Services, monies for any Products and/or any other sums payable under the contract to Skipandwaste.com at the time and in the manner agreed. Skipandwaste.com’s prices are, unless otherwise stated, exclusive of any applicable VAT for which the Customer shall additionally be liable.
3.3 Payments by the Customer on time under the Contract are an essential condition of the Contract. Payment shall not be deemed to be made until Skipandwaste.com has received either cash or cleared funds in respect of the full amount outstanding.
3.4 Skipandwaste.com reserves the right to withhold payment for any requested hire item, until the appropriate certification and paperwork has been received by Skipandwaste.com. This is usually, but not limited to, Waste Transfer Note, Certification of Waste type and accurate weight thereof.

4 RISK AND TITLE OWNERSHIP AND INSURANCE

4.1 Risk in the Hire Goods and any Products will pass immediately to the Customer when they leave the physical possession or control of the Provider. Title will not transfer to the Customer in any case.
4.2 Risk in the Hire Goods will not pass back to the Provider from the Customer until the Hire Goods are back in the physical possession of the Provider. This shall apply even if the Provider has agreed to cease charging the Rental.
4.3 Ownership of the Hire Goods remains at all times with the Provider. The Customer has no right, title or interest in the Hire Goods except that they are hired to the Customer.
4.4 The Customer must not deal with the ownership or any interest in the Hire Goods. This includes but is not limited to selling, assigning, mortgaging, pledging, charging, securing, hiring, withholding, exerting any right to withhold, disposing of and/or lending.
4.5 The Provider may provide reasonably priced insurance in respect of the Hire Goods at additional cost to the Rental. Alternatively the Provider may require the Customer to insure the Hire Goods on such reasonable terms and for such reasonable risks as the Provider may specify. The proceeds of any such insurance shall be held by the Customer in trust for the Provider and be paid to the Provider on demand. The Customer must not compromise any claim in respect of the Hire Goods and/or any associated insurance without the Provider’s written consent.

5 DELIVERY, COLLECTION AND SERVICES

5.1 It is the responsibility of the Customer to collect the Hire Goods from the Provider and return them to the Provider at the end of the Hire Period. If the Provider agrees to deliver or collect the Hire Goods to and/or from the Customer it will do so at its standard delivery cost and such delivery and/or collection will form part of the Services.
5.2 Where the Provider provides Services the persons performing the Services are servants of the Customer and once the Customer instructs such person they are under the direction and control of the Customer. The Customer shall be solely responsible for any instruction, guidance and/or advice given by the Customer to any such person and for any damage which occurs as a result of such persons following the Customer’s instructions, guidance and/or advice except to the extent that the persons performing the Services are negligent.
5.3 The Customer will allow and/or procure sufficient access to and from the relevant site and procure sufficient unloading space, facilities, equipment and access to power supplies and utilities for the Provider’s employees, subcontractors and/or agents to allow them to carry out the Services. The Customer will ensure that the site where the Services are to be performed is, where necessary, cleared and prepared before the Services are due to commence.
5.4 If any Services are delayed, postponed and/or are cancelled due to the Customer failing to comply with its obligations the Customer will be liable to pay the Provider’s additional standard charges from time to time for such delay, postponement and/or cancellation except where the Customer is acting as a consumer and the delay is due to a Force Majeure event.

6 CARE OF HIRE GOODS

6.1 The Customer shall:-
6.1.1 not remove any labels from and/or interfere with the Hire Goods, their working mechanisms or any other parts of them and take reasonable care of the Hire Goods and only use them for their proper purpose in a safe and correct manner in accordance with any operating and/or safety instructions provided or supplied to the Customer;
6.1.2 Notify the Provider immediately after any breakdown, loss and/or damage to the Hire Goods;
6.1.3 Take adequate and proper measures to protect the Hire Goods from theft, damage and/or other risks;
6.1.4 Notify the Provider of any change of its address and upon the Provider’s request provide details of the location of the Hire Goods;
6.1.5 Permit the Provider at all reasonable times to inspect the Hire Goods including procuring access to any property where the Hire Goods are situated;
6.1.6 keep the Hire Goods at all times in its possession and control and not to remove the Hire Goods from the United Kingdom without the prior written consent of the Provider;
6.1.7 be responsible for the conduct and cost of any testing, examinations and/or checks in relation to the Hire Goods required by any legislation, best practice and/or operating instructions except to the extent that the Provider has agreed to provide them as part of any Services;
6.1.8 Not do, or omit to do, anything which will, or may be deemed to, invalidate any policy of insurance related to the Hire Goods, which is notified to the Customer;
6.1.9 not continue to use Hire Goods where they have been damaged and will notify Skipandwaste.com and the Provider immediately if the Hire Goods are involved in an accident resulting in damage to the Hire Goods, other property and/or injury to any person; and
6.1.10 where the Hire Goods require fuel, oil and/or electricity ensure that the proper type and/or voltage is used and that, where appropriate, the Hire Goods are properly installed by a qualified and competent person.
6.2 The Hire Goods must be returned by the Customer in good working order and condition (fair wear and tear excepted) and in a clean condition together with all insurance policies, licences, registration and other documents relating to the Hire Goods.

7 BREAKDOWN

7.1 The Provider will at its own cost carry out all routine maintenance and repairs to the Hire Goods during the Hire Period and all repairs which are required due to fair wear and tear and/or an inherent fault in the Hire Goods. The Customer will be responsible for the cost of all repairs necessary to Hire Goods during the Hire Period which arise otherwise than as a result of fair wear and tear, an inherent fault and/or the negligence of the Supplier while carrying out routine maintenance and/or repairs.
7.2 The Customer must not repair or attempt to repair the Hire Goods unless authorised to do so in writing by Skipandwaste.com or the Provider.

8 LOSS OR DAMAGE TO THE HIRE GOODS

8.1 If the Hire Goods are returned in damaged, unclean and/or defective state except where due to fair wear and tear and/or an inherent fault in the Hire Goods the Customer shall be liable to pay the Provider for the cost of any repair and/or cleaning required to return the Hire Goods to a condition fit for re-hire and to pay the Rental, in accordance with the provisions of clause 8.3, until such repairs and/or cleaning have been completed.
8.2 The Customer will pay to the Provider the replacement cost of any Hire Goods which are lost, stolen and/or damaged beyond economic repair during the Hire Period less the amount paid to the Provider under any policy of insurance taken out in accordance with these conditions.
8.3 The Customer shall pay the Rental for the Hire Goods up to and including the date it notifies Skipandwaste.com that the Hire Goods have been lost, stolen and/or damaged beyond economic repair. From that date until Skipandwaste.com has replaced such Hire Goods the Customer shall pay, as a genuine pre-estimate of lost rental profit, a sum as liquidated damages being equal to two thirds of the Rental that would have applied for such Hire Goods for that period. Skipandwaste.com shall use its reasonable commercial endeavours to purchase replacements for such Hire Goods as quickly as possible using the monies paid under clause 8.2 above.

9 TERMINATION BY NOTICE

9.1 If the Hire Period has a fixed duration, subject to the provisions of Section 10 neither the Customer nor Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to terminate the Contract before the expiry of that fixed period unless agreed with the other party.
9.2 If the Hire Period does not have a fixed duration either of the Customer or Skipandwaste.com is entitled to terminate the Contract upon giving to the other party any agreed period of notice.
9.3 If no period of notice has been agreed or specified the Customer may terminate the Hire Period by the physical return of the Hire Goods to the Provider and Skipandwaste.com shall be entitled to terminate the hire of the Hire Goods by giving not less than 14 days’ notice to the Customer.

10 DEFAULT

10.1 If the Customer:-
10.1.1 Fails to make any payment to Skipandwaste.com when due without just cause;
10.1.2 breaches the terms of the Contract and, where the breach is capable of remedy, has not remedied the breach within 14 days of receiving notice requiring the breach to be remedied;
10.1.3 Persistently breaches the terms of the Contract;
10.1.4 provides incomplete, materially inaccurate or misleading facts and/or information in connection with the Contract;
10.1.5 pledges, charges or creates any form of security over any Hire Goods, or ceases or threatens to cease to carry on business, or proposes to compound with its creditors, applies for an interim moratorium in respect of claims and/or proceedings, any distress, execution or other legal process is levied on any property of the Customer, has a Bankruptcy Petition presented against it or the Customer takes or suffers any similar action in any jurisdiction;
10.1.6 being a company, enters into voluntary or compulsory liquidation, has a receiver, administrator or administrative receiver appointed over all or any of its assets, any attachment order is made against the Customer, any distress, execution or other legal process is levied on any property of the Customer or the Customer takes or suffers any similar action in any jurisdiction;
10.1.7 appears reasonably to Skipandwaste.com due to the Customer’s credit rating to be financially inadequate to meet its obligations under the Contract; and/or
10.1.8 appears reasonably to Skipandwaste.com to be about to suffer any of the above events; then Skipandwaste.com shall have the right, without prejudice to any other remedies, to exercise any or all of the rights set out in clause 10.2 below.

10.2 If any of the events set out in clause 10.1 above occurs in relation to the
Customer then:-
10.2.1 Except where the Customer is acting as a consumer, Skipandwaste.com may enter, without prior notice, any premises of the Customer (or premises of third parties with their consent) where Hire Goods owned by Skipandwaste.com may be and repossess any Hire Goods;
10.2.2 Skipandwaste.com may withhold the performance of any Services and cease any Services in progress under this and/or any other Contract with the Customer;
10.2.3 Skipandwaste.com may immediately cancel, terminate and/or suspend without Liability to the Customer the Contract and/or any other contract with the Customer; and/or
10.2.4 All monies owed by the Customer to Skipandwaste.com shall immediately become due and payable.

10.3 Any repossession of the Hire Goods shall not affect Skipandwaste.com’s right to recover from the Customer any monies due under the Contract and/or any damages in respect of any breach which occurred prior to repossession of the Hire Goods.

10.4 Upon termination of the Contract the Customer shall immediately:
10.4.1 return the Hire Goods to Skipandwaste.com and/or Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider; or make the Hire Goods available for collection by Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider as requested by the Provider; and
10.4.2 Pay to Skipandwaste.com all arrears for Rentals, Charges for any Services, monies for any Products and/or any other sums payable under the Contract.

11 LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY

11.1 All warranties, representations, terms, conditions and duties implied by law relating to fitness, quality and/or adequacy are excluded to the fullest extent permitted by law.
11.2 If Skipandwaste.com is found to be liable in respect of any loss or damage to the Customer’s property the extent of Skipandwaste.com’s Liability will be limited to the retail cost of replacement of the damaged property.
11.3 Any defective Hire Goods must be returned to Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider for inspection if requested by Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider, before Skipandwaste.com’s nominated Provider will have any Liability for defective Hire Goods.
11.4 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer if, without just cause, any monies due in respect of the Hire Goods and/or the Services has not been paid in full by the due date for payment.
11.5 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability for additional damage, loss, liability, claims, costs or expenses caused, or contributed to, by the Customer’s continued use of defective Hire Goods and/or Services after a defect has become apparent, or suspected, or should reasonably have become apparent to the Customer.
11.6 The Customer shall give Skipandwaste.com a reasonable opportunity to remedy any matter for which Skipandwaste.com is liable, before the Customer incurs any costs and/or expenses in remedying the matter itself. If the Customer does not do so Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer in this regard.
11.7 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer to the extent that the Customer is covered by any policy of insurance arranged as a result of the Contract and the Customer shall ensure that the Customer’s insurers waive any and all rights of subrogation they may have against Skipandwaste.com.
11.8 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer for any:-
11.8.1 Consequential losses (including loss of profits and/or damage to goodwill and/or reputation);
11.8.2 Economic and/or other similar losses;
11.8.3 Special damages and indirect losses; and/or
11.8.4 Business interruption, loss of business, contracts and/or opportunity.

11.9 Skipandwaste.com’s total Liability to the Customer under and/or arising in relation to any Contract shall not exceed 5 times the amount of the Rental and charges for Services (if any) under that Contract or the sum of £1,000 whichever is the higher. To the extent that any Liability of Skipandwaste.com to the Customer would be met by any insurance of Skipandwaste.com, then the Liability of Skipandwaste.com shall be extended to the extent that such Liability is met by such insurance.

11.10 Each of the limitations and/or exclusions in this Contract shall be deemed to be repeated and apply as a separate provision for each of:
11.10.1 Liability for breach of contract;
11.10.2 Liability in tort (including negligence); and
11.10.3 Liability for breach of statutory and/or common law duty; except clause 11.9 above, which shall apply once only in respect of all the said types of Liability.

11.11 Nothing in this Contract shall exclude or limit the Liability of Skipandwaste.com for death or personal injury due to Skipandwaste.com’s negligence, nor exclude or limit any other type of Liability which it is not permitted to exclude or limit as a matter of law.

12 GENERAL

12.1 Upon termination of the Contract the provisions of clauses 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 and Section 6 shall continue in full force and effect.

12.2 Each hire of an item of Hire Goods shall form a distinct Contract which shall be separate to any other Contract relating to other Hire Goods.

12.3 The Customer shall be liable for the acts and/or omissions of its employees, agents, servants and/or subcontractors as though they were its own acts and/or omissions under this Contract.

12.4 The Customer agrees to indemnify and keep indemnified Skipandwaste.com against any and all losses, lost profits, damages, claims, costs (including legal costs on a full indemnity basis), actions and any other losses and/or liabilities suffered by the Supplier and arising from or due to any breach of contract, any tortuous act and/or omission and/or any breach of statutory duty by the Customer.

12.5 No waiver by Skipandwaste.com of any breach of this Contract shall be considered as a waiver of any subsequent breach of the same provision, or any other provision. If any provision is held by any relevant competent authority to be part of the validity of the other provisions of this Contract and the remainder of the affected provision shall be unaffected and shall remain in full force and effect.

12.6 Skipandwaste.com shall have no Liability to the Customer for any delay and/or non-performance of a Contract to the extent that such delay is due to any Force Majeure events. If Skipandwaste.com is affected by any such event then time for performance shall be extended for a period equal to the period that such event or events delayed such performance.

12.7 All third party rights are excluded and no third parties shall have any rights to enforce the Contract.

This shall not apply to any finance company with whom Skipandwaste.com has an outstanding finance agreement relating to the Hire Goods. Such finance company shall, subject to Skipandwaste.com’s consent, have the right to enforce this Contract as if they were the Supplier. This Contract is governed by and interpreted in accordance with English law and the parties agree to submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the English courts.

13 ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS

13.1 Skipandwaste.com may insert and present for payment any balance due and unpaid where the Customer has signed a blank or nil value debit or credit card voucher. The Supplier may also process interim payments by credit or debit card at any stage of the Contract.